This essay explores the institutionalized master narrative of public institutions and how the mandated policies enacted by public institutions impact social studies teachers when they are delivering instruction to their students. A socio-transformative constructivist framework guides the essay in order to affirm that knowledge is socially…

The development of the League of United Latino American Citizens (LULAC) is often viewed as a method of cultural assimilation through adult education. However, LULAC can be viewed through a collectivist's lens wherein the members established a shared philosophy, teaching adults to mobilize and expand their cause quickly and effectively. The social…

During the period 1962-1994, the United States Supreme Court handed down several decisions that increasingly limited the influence of religion in schools ("Engel v Vitale" 1962; "Abington v. Schempp" 1963; "Lemon v. Kurtzman," "Early v. DiCenso," and "Robinson v. DiCenso" 1971; "Wallace v.…

Except for Mexico, there are now more Latino-origin people in the U.S. than there are people in Spain, Argentina, Colombia, or any other Spanish-speaking country. In fact, the nation is experiencing the greatest demographic transformation in the last 100 years of its history. As former schoolteachers of immigrant children in Texas and California,…

Since 1,155 families living in the Chamizal area of El Paso were forced to relocate after the 1963 signing of the Chamizal Treaty, this report represents a 5-year post-relocation study of 80 of the Mexican American families. The report provides a description of the Chamizal residents, their attitudes and reactions to the relocation process, and…

Texas, like the rest of the nation, is undergoing a shift toward an excess of females. Review of the changing balance of the sexes reveals that there were only 95.9 males per 100 females in 1970 with a projected drop to 93.8 by 1980. In 1950 Texas had an excess of 15,000 males, but by 1960 females outnumbered males by 90,000 and by 234,000 in…