There is a great need to improve rural life in Russia, and this must involve the development of the agricultural economy. This will require improving life for rural families, making it easier for them to obtain land to farm, and providing adequate housing and cultural facilities in the Russian village. (Contains 1 table.) [This article was…

Russian society is up in arms over innovations in the sphere of education. It looks as if, for example, Russians reacted to the universal adoption of the Unified State Examination more emotionally than they did to the devaluation of savings, the precipitous division into the poor and the wealthy, and the destruction of the country's industrial…

In her article, R.V. Ryvkina gave an indication that "the intelligentsia is on the wane" in history, since "humanistic ideals are giving way to technocratic attitudes." While her article answered some questions, it inevitably gave rise to new questions, and they were no less significant. In this article, the author refutes…

Starting in the 1960s, researchers in many countries have expressed concern over the state of crisis of monogamy, addressing the phenomenon as a direct function of global social transformations. The author finds it is difficult to agree with the negative assessment of the current status of the family, noting that centuries of evidence confirm the…

Many people in Russia feel that the intelligentsia is on its way out. This is something that writers sense more keenly than anyone else. Symptomatic of this is the headline of an article by Daniil Granin published in the newspaper "Izvestia" on 5 November 1997: "The Russian Intellectual Is Going Away" [Russkii intelligent…

Provides a historical survey on the plight of homeless children, focusing on how the former Soviet Union dealt with this problem. States that the system of social protection for orphaned children, created by the Soviet Union, was not able to deal with the growing problem. (CMK)

Articulates the basic philosophy of the anthropological-humanistic movement in Soviet education and identifies its leading adherents. The movement believed in the creative self-realization of every child and promoted noncoercive, antiauthoritarian educational methods. Although supported by ardent Marxists, the movement became supplanted by a more…

Discusses the conflicts, initiatives, and educational programs introduced into postrevolutionary Byelorussian Schools. Initially, educational objectives seesawed between harsh Marxist-Leninist directives and reactionary responses. Eventually a system developed that incorporated Byelorussian folk culture and Marxist ideology. (MJP)

Discusses the sometimes brutal, sometimes idealistic attempts by early Soviet revolutionaries to conscript the home and family into the Marxist educational system. Programs ranged from the benign (teaching peasant children new crops) to the totalitarian (extending criminal prosecution to the age of 12). Briefly covers later periods. (MJP)

Praises, defends, and attempts to explain the unique characteristics of the lecture teaching method as practiced by Soviet educators. Firmly committed to the lecture method, Soviet educators refined this technique to the level of dazzling verbal performances complete with syllogisms, elaborately constructed arguments, and a touch of theater. (MJP)

Discusses the career and contributions of Russian educator and psychologist G. I. Chelpanov. Chelpanov founded Russia's first Psychology Institute and actively promoted psychological research and education. His resistance to Soviet efforts to introduce Marxist dogma into psychological research ended his career. (MJP)

Considers the effects upon, and responses to, World War II by Soviet higher education. Although wartime conditions seriously depleted the student population as well as educational facilities, Soviet education remained productive. Discusses higher education's contribution to the victory and includes statistical data. (MJP)