Small isolated theories can be restated as choice and exchange theory; in effect, incorporating them into the theory. The procedure employed is to state the implicit or explicit propositions of the small theories in ordinary language, then restate and extend them. (Author)

There are four strategies spouses may attempt to employ in cases of conflict: authority, control, influence, and manipulation. Rates of marital dissolution are a function of the relative equality between spouses in terms of the types of conflict-resolution strategies they are able to employ. (Author)

Hypotheses linking positional power in bargaining networks to evaluations of self and others were supported: (1) persons in central exchange network positions evaluate themselves as feeling more pleasant and more exhilarated; and (2) central persons impute lower status and higher positive evaluations to peripheral positions. (Author)

Identifies two fundamental change strategies, incremental and transformational, and the relationship between them, describes the circumstances appropriate for each strategy, and suggests steps for translating each strategy into action. Both strategies are required to maintain organizational and personal effectiveness if growth and renewal are…

Examines common assumptions concerning the interrelationship between power and knowledge, and considers four ways that the power/knowledge argument can go awry: power as the cause of social inequity, categorization as discrimination, reason as repression, and the system as responsible. The paper encourages greater thoughtfulness in talking about…

Discusses how friendships are transformed from equality-based exchange relationships during early childhood into need-based communal relationships during adolescence. Builds upon thesis that developmental changes in friendships can best be understood using both deep- and surface- structure levels of analysis. Examines cognitive representations of…

Argues that conceptualizations of and empirical studies on compliance and compliance-gaining often reflect a social exchange or a power perspective, which typically push communication into the background of the compliance-gaining process. Provides examples of studies adopting a power perspective without undercutting the role of communication in…

Uses social exchange theory to examine the process by which employees are dismissed from organizations. Examines interview data from an exploratory study that suggests managers are influenced by information from group members as they calculate a cost-benefit ratio for the employer-employee relationship. Indicates a progression of communication…

In egalitarian families, we might expect that men and women similarly prioritize work and family obligations. Yet, prior research examining gender differences in work-family priorities often use measures that imperfectly reflect those priorities. Drawing two samples of full-time married workers from the 1992 National Study of the Changing…

A study was conducted to investigate the practical management of interactions sustaining close friendships. Ten pairs of close friends were interviewed individually on two occasions and together on a third occasion. An interpretive analysis of subjects' remarks identified a dialectical principle governing the communicative organization of…

A TYPOLOGY FOR A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO TEACHER-WORK RELATIONSHIPS REGARDS THE SCHOOL AS AN EMPLOYING SYSTEM WITH SETS OF CONTRASTING SYSTEM-WORKER RELATIONSHIPS--(1) FORMAL-PERSONAL OR TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY, (2) DISCRETIONARY-PERSONAL OR PERMISSIVE PERSONALISM, (3) FORMAL-GENERALIZED OR ORGANIZATIONAL FORMALISM, AND (4) DISCRETIONARY-GENERALIZED…

This paper assesses certain aspects of current socialization theory, arguing that there are two major developments in the field of psychology as a whole which need to be more fully assimilated in the work on socialization. The first is the attack on trait theory, and it is argued that socialization research can survive this attack only if it…

The purpose of this study was to frame the outlines of an interpersonal theory derived from exploratory research among adolescent reading failures. The theory postulates that adolescent reading failure syndrome results from and is maintained by conscious elements of choice manifested in the adolescent's perception preferences. The affective…

The theoretical concept of the double bind and the possibilities for researching it are discussed. The author has observed that theory and research, which should be reciprocal and mutually beneficial, have been working, as concerns the double bind, at odds with one another. Two approaches to empirically investigating the concept are considered via…

Using the Semantic Differential, the attitudes of thirty-five public librarians participating in a training program on library service to the inner city were measured before and after the conference. A group of thirty public librarians in similar positions in large cities was randomly selected and measured with the same instrument to serve as a…