A study involving 65 social workers and 65 police officers investigated whether child protection investigators are as likely to take seriously a case of child sexual abuse perpetrated by a female rather than a male. Following male-perpetrated sexual abuse, case registration and perpetrator imprisonment was considered more appropriate. (Author/CR)

Determined if nonsmokers understand the reasons smokers of their own sex and of the opposite sex give for smoking cigarettes. Results indicated that male nonsmokers were accurate in their perceptions of each sex. Nonsmoking women inaccurately perceived all six reasons cited by women who smoke and two factors cited by men. (Author/ABB)

Female and male college students read a description of a person and rated the individual on 20 bipolar scales describing personal traits and professional performance characteristics. Results indicated married individuals were evaluated more favorably than all groups of unmarried individuals. Males and females were perceived similarly on most…

Male and female college students responded to stories about married physicians whose total income was greatest, respectively, when (1) the husband cared for the children, (2) the wife cared for the children, (3) either spouse cared for them, (4) the wife earned more than the husband, or (5) the husband earned more. (Author)

This survey shows that sex-role stereotyping exists in teachers' expectations as well as in teachers' attitudes. One of the most striking findings was that while teachers believed that there was equality between boys and girls, sex-role stereotyping appeared in almost all areas in the classroom. (CS)

Male and female college students were given a questionnaire containing descriptions of four stimulus persons, with gender of stimulus person varied between groups. Subjects selected any of eight occupations for which the stimulus persons might be suited, and they rated the potential of such persons to be good parents. Traditional "masculinity" of…

College students perceive a great difference between the (stereotyped) attitude of the average man'' and average woman'' toward the role of women in society. The average man was seen as viewing women in a more traditional manner than the average woman. The interaction between sex of respondent and stereotype sex indicated that female respondents…

This study used the national crisis following President Nixon's decision to send troops into Cambodia as an opportunity to investigate the effectiveness of social influence variables (sex and clothing attire) under conditions of high ego-involvement. Four hundred and forty-six adult passersby were presented an antiwar petition by the authors (one…

Two hundred sixty-six college students from four Indiana colleges and universities completed a series of surveys to determine gender differences in attitudes toward rape victims. The instruments adapted and used included the Rubin and Peplau Just World Scale (JWS), the Burt Sex Role Stereotype Scale, the Attitudes Toward Rape Victims Scale (ATRVS)…

Male and female subjects judged an essay purportedly written by an attractive or an unattractive female author. The attractive author was rated as significantly more talented by male judges. Female judges rated the attractive author less talented although this difference was not statistically significant. A second experiment concerned ratings by…

This volume focuses on two key research questions: the acceptance of multiculturalism, and the validity of the "multicultural assumption" (the case that confidence in one's own identity is a prerequisite for the development of positive attitudes toward others). An introductory chapter provides historical, cultural, and political…

These papers make suggestions for further exploration into the problems of sex and gender research. Edmund Gordon presents a historical perspective on the sociopolitical implications of sex and gender and discusses attitudinal variables which affect the classification of women. Ann Lieberman describes the history of women in the work force, their…

The Preschool Racial Attitude Measure (PRAM) and the Comfortable Interpersonal Distance Scale (CID) were concurrently administered in counterbalanced order to 60 black and white five and six-year olds to establish whether a relationship existed between assessed racial bias and the interpersonal distance ascribed to figures by race. No relationship…

It was predicted in this study that children would acquire negative racial attitudes more readily than positive racial attitudes, females would acquire racial attitudes more readily than males, and personality traits would correlate with racial attitude scores. Measures of 13 personality traits were obtained from a second grade population.…