Two humanist, critical approaches--those of Dorothy Dinnerstein and Immanuel Kant--are summarized, compared, and employed to critique gender bias in science education. The value of Dinnerstein's approach lies in her way of seeing conventional "masculinity" and conventional "femininity" as developing in relation to each other from early childhood.…

Two studies conducted around 1950 provided data on college students' attribution of characteristics to men or women (sex-role sterotypes). Replications of these studies were conducted during the 1970 school year to assess changes in sex-role sterotypes. Results indicated either no change or more polarized sterotypes. (Author/BB)

The purpose of the present study was to determine the influences of sex and sex-role identification on the perceived characteristics of a good manager. A sample of 335 students from various undergraduate and graduate business courses completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory both for themselves and for a good manager. Three hypotheses were tested--that…

Examines whether bias and stereotypes filter into reporters' consciousness, affecting what they write about women, or whether reporters successfully avoid the influence of such bias. Claims that instances of sex-stereotyping were a result of chance rather than ingrained, institutional gender bias. (MM)

Reports that children between the ages of two and a half and eight made a significant distinction between "male" and "female" occupations, with the extent of the distinction increasing with age level. Discusses the implications of this for career decisions and aspirations. (Author/ST)

The traditional female stereotype described norms for women in that the characteristics were deemed to be "appropriate" for all women. Recent research described three role-based subcategories of women (housewife, professional woman, sex object) which are based on the female homemaking, work, or romantic roles respectively. The subcategories…

Stories in romance and adventure magazines tend to support traditional American stereotypes about roles and dispositions of men and women. (RB)

Finds traditional sex roles are reflected in attributes, attitudes, and behavior of male and female characters in 20 cartoon programs. (RB)

One of a series emanating from a three-year project concerned with the role of women in the English-speaking Caribbean, this publication discusses images, roles, and stereotypes of the Caribbean woman. The project's objectives are to establish in the region a data base for teaching, research, and planning purposes and to develop guidelines for a…

Article outlined the developing role of women in American society and provided some suggestions for helping to equalize male and female roles. (RK)

Article provided a brief look at the history and development of sex roles in an attempt to understand how that role definition developed and why it is only now being seriously challenged. (Author/RK)

A study was conducted to determine the relationship between the amount of time children spend watching television and their knowledge of adult sex stereotypes. Males and females in grades 1, 3, 5, and 7 made up the study population. Heavy viewers were found to have more stereotyped perceptions than light viewers. (Author/GC)

Prime-time television dramas were analyzed to isolate counter-stereotypical sex-role portrayals, and children were surveyed to determine the impact of these portrayals on sex-role perceptions. The appeal of male and female television characters as role models was also tested. (LS)