Women's empowerment is an important goal of the educational processes around the world. Women in developing countries need support and motivation for attaining higher education and empowerment. This qualitative-exploratory study sought to explore the perceptions of Pakistani female university academics living inside predominantly patriarchal…

Purpose: Earlier work on career choice has identified that career choice involves gendered processes which lead to differentiated career outcomes for women and men. However, this literature remained anaemic in offering career counselling strategies for addressing the negative impacts of these processes. The paper aims to explore the creativity…

A total of 126 elementary school girls from second, fourth and sixth grades in a semi-rural, working-class community were studied to determine their perceptions of female vocational roles. Maternal employment status and grade level affected subjects' views of women as possible entrants into male dominated vocations. (Author/ED)

Reports on a research study which examines the extent to which early-life sex-role socialization leads women to pursue sex-typical careers. (RKM)

Although all women medical students have demonstrated occupational role innovation by their career choice, their selection of the field in which they will specialize during their medical careers (secondary career choice) may or may not represent additional innovation. Women enrolled in two medical schools in 1975-76 who stated that they had made a…

Explored the relationships among childhood activities, masculine and feminine characteristics, and career choices among career women and homemakers. Results indicated that childhood participation in sex-typed activities is associated with the adult personality characteristics of masculinity and femininity and adult role choices. (Author/BL)

Research on women's career development documents that, relative to men, few women obtain high professional status and that those who do are often treated as "deviants" from culturally expected female roles, particularly if their careers are in professions traditionally occupied by men. The relation between various background variables and the…

The British Oxygen Company Limited's Gases Division Study on the female workforce concluded: not enough use is made of female employee's skill and knowledge, the company shouldn't assume all women want careers but should help them realize the demands a career makes on their time, energy, and commitment. (Author/BP)

A study was done to examine the differences among college students' perceptions of the shift in gender domination in selected occupations. Results indicate that the particular institution attended may affect perceptions. (JN)

Women who had been college students in the mid-thirties (N=306) and who had been studied 25 years later were assigned to five vocational pattern groups. A woman's career pattern could not be predicted from data available at the time she entered college but was predictable from other data known five years later. (Author)

Research from the late 1960's to 1974 reveals that early sex role socialization affects the intellectual achievement and career choices of women. Whereas preschool girls test as well or somewhat better than boys on various intelligence measures, high school boys test higher in general intelligence, and number, spatial, and analytic ability. One…

This collection of photographs and discussion questions for elementary students is designed to complement and supplement already existing instructional materials by showing females and males engaged in nonstereotyped jobs and activities. The guide provides definitions of terms such as work, career, duty, sexism, and stereotype; fourteen facts on…

A survey of 253 female and 235 male college freshmen showed that (1) males disagreed more that women can combine scientific careers and family; (2) females agreed less that scientists are asocial; (3) females rated people-related work values more highly; and (4) males intending to study science anticipated greater difficulties for women attempting…

Explored the possibility of changing male attitudes toward women's career development using two videotapes, one featuring men and one featuring women. Results showed the group viewing the videotape featuring men was significantly more liberal. Discusses implications for counseling and research. (PAS)

Examined sex-role stereotyping and its relation to sex-role norms. Results show children stereotyped in behavioral descriptions and occupational choices more than did college students. Children whose mothers were employed were more stereotyped in occupational choices. College students evidenced a very low rate of stereotyping in behavioral…