For females only, the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) tests of 128 college students showed: (1) dissimilar concepts of self and others, ranking least-to-most sex typed in the order predicted; (2) inaccurate perceptions of the other sex's ideal; and (3) association of sex typing with poor adjustment. Results are discussed. (Author)

Investigates undergraduate students' stereotypic expectations about female behavior related to role characteristics. Findings indicate that all females are expected to be maternal and assertive, but other characteristics vary. Results were inconclusive about which aspects of the stereotypes were normative. (FMW)

Five scales measuring self-esteem, social isolation, locus of control, alienation, and anxiety were used along with personal interviews to test the relationship between gender and adjustment in 88 gifted adolescents in Singapore. Gifted girls were found to have difficulty reconciling their giftedness with societal notions of femininity. (78…

There has been little empirical research on the gender role socialization of Jewish men. This paper explores Jewish male gender role socialization and provides a model by which gender and ethnicity may be studied. A description of the gender role socialization of Jewish men, with an emphasis on advantages and disadvantages of such socialization…

The role expectations of older female students and younger, less experienced female students were compared in a study. It examined the relationships of demographic, academic, and sex role orientation factors to role expectations expressed by two groups of college women. Participants were 46 women volunteers enrolled in a women's college either at…

Change in the roles of women in American society during the past 15 years provides an opportunity to evaluate basic theories dealing with life course, the impact of early socialization, and trait analysis. The case of women in the legal profession is of particular value in exploring these issues since law, an exclusively male domain for more than…

To derive a descriptive profile of communication role patterns and to determine whether these patterns were gender dependent, a Gender Communication Scale was developed by selecting scale items from other instruments that best discriminated reports of role behavior. The scale was then administered to 91 male and 148 female undergraduate students.…

This monograph presents an overview of the employment situation in regard to women, describes trends occurring in women's career choices, and presents five hypotheses, with suggestions for accompanying activities, from which counselors may choose in counseling women for nontraditional careers. The five alternative hypotheses are as follows: (1)…

A study was conducted to examine whether androgynous individuals would view out-of-role implicit behavior by both male and female managers more positively than would either masculine or feminine individuals and whether low status behavior by the managers would be rated as being more considerate than high status behavior. Two weeks after completing…

Research has revealed linkages among sex, sex-role self-concept, self-esteem, and attributional style, suggesting that sex-role self-concept may mediate the relationship between biological sex and attributional style. Female undergraduates (N=140) completed several questionnaires, including the Bem Sex Role Inventory to determine sex-role…

During the heightened self-consciousness of adolescence, reevaluation and modifications in self-perceptions and sex-role orientations generally take place. Therefore, a developmental perspective is needed to investigate the adoption of sex-typed, cross sex-typed, or non sex-typed attitudes and behaviors. Young women (N=226) responded to a…

Intimacy exists when there is an open sharing of feelings, thoughts, and activities. Most men, because of their sex role socialization, have difficulty in establishing intimate relationships with men or women. The socialized value of competition, along with the barriers of homophobia, aversion to openness, and lack of role models, are major…

Underrepresentation of women in higher status, traditionally male occupations has been attributed to sex-role socialization and to discrimination. Female students entering traditionally male professions may suffer many of the same pressures that have prevented other women from entering these fields. Undergraduate women (N=64) and men (N=21) in…

Although many educational institutions and private groups have offered experiences to encourage androgyny among participants, research dealing with such efforts has generally found no significant changes. The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) was administered to 2 groups of 30 undergraduate women enrolled in the same women's studies course at the…

The more a girl discusses an idea, the more likely she is to believe and practice the idea. With this as a basic premise, this document (prepared for parents and adult leaders) lists discussion topics or other kinds of activities that will help young girls explore several concepts. (1) Many forces tell a girl that she needs to improve or change…