Interviews with 19 Ohio farm wives examined role and task changes since 1910 related to technological innovation, broader economic restructuring, and patriarchal rules about family division of labor. As family farms integrate into the male-dominated world of agribusiness, women's work is becoming less visible and less valued. (SV)

Songs that were popular between 1954 and 1968 (N=200) were examined for sexism. Some of the findings were in accord with traditional sex-role expectations, but others were not. Men were described often as being emotional and submissive, while women were almost as active as the men. (Author)

Despite the increasing incidence of infidelity, little empirical evidence is available to guide the efforts of marriage and family therapists in this area. This study examines how gender, participant training, and follow-up mitigating information relate to perceptions of individuals in couple relationships presenting for therapy with a history of…

Women bring to the leadership process not only distinct needs, but also a unique perspective that should be incorporated in all facets of leadership definition. A woman who occupies a position of leadership is enacting both a sex role and an organizational role. Because of this dual role, women are vulnerable to role conflict. One kind of role…

In 1970, Broverman, Broverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, and Vogel administered a Stereotype Questionnaire to 79 male and female clinically trained psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. The study concluded that sex bias was demonstrated in that clinicians' trait ascriptions given to the mentally healthy adult person did not differ…

Discussed are the effects of discrimination and bias caused by conformity to sex roles. Strategies including classroom organization, system-wide response, and students activities are suggested for combating sex-role stereotyping within science and math classes. (Author/DS)

Male and female students are culturally shaped in their reading and writing strategies. Men and women college students are more likely to be successful learners if they can examine the ways in which reading and writing are culturally defined for them and integrate that information into classroom activities. (MSE)

Past studies on economic discrimination against women have dealt with existence and effects. An examination of how origins, nature, and causes of discrimination are socially determined during the pre-industrial stage of economic development focused on the experience of Nigeria as a case study. The existence of a family-oriented system in which the…

This volume includes 16 articles on selected research and pedagogical issues related to the gender variable in communication and language. Also presented are two sample syllabi for teaching male/female communication courses, and a summary statement resulting from conference participants' discussion of issues and directions for future instruction…

This guide for teachers, in English and Spanish, examines the role of stereotypes within the context of contemporary beliefs, ideas, and attitudes. A pre-test and post-test are included to measure the user's awareness of stereotypes. Object lessons cover the following topics: (1) definition of stereotypes; (2) racial and ethnic stereotypes; (3)…

Children's literature and school texts have reflected society's relegation of women to inferior, passive roles; while there is now an awareness that stereotypes and sexist terms should be eliminated, there is the danger that overreaction will diminish literary quality. (JD)

A study of female high school students sought to measure role conflict among females participating in traditionally approved sports--swimming, golf, gymnastics, and tennis--and those involved in sports such as basketball and track. The females gave little evidence of internal role conflict but had experienced external sources of conflict.…

This document is divided into two parts: (1) "A Study of Sex Role Stereotype in Arabic Readers" and (2) "A Guide for the Identification and Elimination of Sexism in Arabic Textbooks." In part 1, a sample of 79 Arabic readers were read word for word and the images pertaining to females were recorded. The results of the survey…

Male and female therapists read bogus case descriptions of families in which a boy or girl was depicted as athletically incompetent or obese and unattractive, and rendered judgments of mother versus father blame and treatment need. Mothers were implicated in children's psychopathologies slightly more than fathers, but less than expected. (Author)

Television programming has long been recognized as an effective method of educating children. This paper investigated the degree of exposure an educational children's program, Sesame Street, gave to female and male characters and the extent to which these characters were stereotypically portrayed. Children's Television Workshop produces 110…