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Román, Michelle – Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 2021
The current debate swirling around the inclusion of transgender individuals in sports is a complex and nuanced issue. This article reflects on how athletic organizations have historically dealt with this dilemma, as well as covers key legal battles that have surfaced in recent years in secondary schools and universities across America. With the…
Descriptors: LGBTQ People, Sexual Identity, Athletes, Secondary School Students
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Soler, Susanna; Prat, Maria; Puig, Núria; Flintoff, Anne – Quest, 2017
Gender policies in sports have expanded considerably in most countries in recent decades. Nevertheless, the implementation of these policies in sports organizations is by no means an automatic process. This article explores what happens when gender equity policies are applied in an university sports organization. Participatory action research over…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Sex Fairness, Equal Education, Educational Policy
Ramsey, Jeffrey T. – ProQuest LLC, 2014
Signed into law in 1972, Title IX of the Education Amendments was designed to eliminate gender discrimination throughout the American educational system. Title IX applied to all educational programs at any level of schooling including admissions, financial aid, academic programs, and social organizations. However, Title IX has primarily been…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation, Equal Education, Sex Fairness
Sabo, Don; Veliz, Philip; Staurowsky, Ellen J. – Women's Sports Foundation, 2016
This nationwide online survey, the largest of its kind to-date, was designed to generate facts and analysis of the workplace experiences and views of both female and male coaches of intercollegiate women's sports. This research is unique in that it is the first to assess male coaches of women's teams and make comparisons with female coaches. The…
Descriptors: Gender Bias, College Athletics, Womens Athletics, Athletes
Van Daniel, Roderick – ProQuest LLC, 2012
Title IX's legislation has been in place since 1972 and has affected female participation in a positive form towards gender equity. However many institution sill have difficulty complying with the standards mandated by Title IX. Gender equity is established by meeting substantial proportionality, continued expansion, or full accommodations prongs…
Descriptors: College Athletics, Sex Fairness, Community Colleges, Public Colleges
Acosta, R. Vivian; Carpenter, Linda Jean – Acosta - Carpenter, 2014
In 1970, prior to the 1972 enactment of Title IX, there were only 2.5 women's teams per school and a total of only about 16,000 female intercollegiate athletes. In 1977/1978, the academic year preceding the mandatory compliance date for Title IX, the number of varsity sports for women had grown to 5.61 per school. A decade later, in 1988, the…
Descriptors: Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Intercollegiate Cooperation, Longitudinal Studies
Acosta, R. Vivian; Carpenter, Linda Jean – Acosta - Carpenter, 2012
In 1970, prior to the 1972 enactment of Title IX, there were only 2.5 women's teams per school and a total of only about 16,000 female intercollegiate athletes. In 1977/1978, the academic year preceding the mandatory compliance date for Title IX, the number of varsity sports for women had grown to 5.61 per school. A decade later, in 1988, the…
Descriptors: Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Intercollegiate Cooperation, Longitudinal Studies
National Collegiate Athletic Association (NJ1), 2008
The July 1993 report of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Gender Equity Task Force concluded that clear evidence indicated that the organization had been unsuccessful in providing equitable opportunity to participate in intercollegiate athletics for women. This book, first published in 1994 and targeted to college and university…
Descriptors: Sex Fairness, College Athletics, Womens Athletics, Sexual Harassment
Lipka, Sara – Chronicle of Higher Education, 2007
Gender-equity advocates gathered at a conference in Cleveland last month to discuss looming challenges in women's sports. Next month the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is scheduled to hold a hearing on Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. The meeting will focus on the most controversial means of compliance with the law. Institutions can…
Descriptors: Females, Womens Athletics, Civil Rights, College Athletics
Wolverton, Brad; Lipka, Sara – Chronicle of Higher Education, 2007
Last week, commissioners of the Knight Foundation Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics organized a meeting to tackle recruiting problems and gender inequalities in college sports, but another topic--the high pay of football and men's basketball coaches--came up repeatedly. This article reports on what the commission intends to do in order to…
Descriptors: Athletes, Recruitment, College Athletics, Athletic Coaches
DeHass, Denise – National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2008
This report provides summary information concerning personnel, revenues, expenses and other comparative variables of men's and women's intercollegiate athletics programs at NCAA member institutions for the 2005-2006 fiscal year. The summary information may be used to help track gender-equity issues at the collegiate level. This report is the…
Descriptors: Sex Fairness, Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Athletes
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Pelak, Cynthia Fabrizio – Sociology of Education, 2008
This research examines the phenomenon of sexist naming of women's athletic teams at four-year colleges and universities in the southern United States. Drawing on theoretical and methodological insights from feminist scholarship on gender and sports, gendered language, and intersecting systems of race and gender inequalities, the author analyzes…
Descriptors: College Athletics, Physical Activities, Females, Athletes
Acosta, R. Vivian; Carpenter, Linda Jean – Acosta - Carpenter, 2010
In 1970, prior to the 1972 enactment of Title IX, there were only 2.5 women's teams per school and a total of only about 16,000 female intercollegiate athletes. In 1977/1978, the academic year preceding the mandatory compliance date for Title IX, the number of varsity sports for women had grown to 5.61 per school. A decade later, in 1988, the…
Descriptors: Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Intercollegiate Cooperation, Longitudinal Studies
Lipka, Sara; Wolverton, Brad – Chronicle of Higher Education, 2007
The government agency responsible for enforcing gender equity in college sports is falling down on the job, according to a report released by the National Women's Law Center. Over the past five years, the U.S. Education Department's Office for Civil Rights -- the administrative guardian of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, the law that…
Descriptors: Sex Fairness, Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Public Agencies
Acosta, R. Vivian; Carpenter, Linda Jean – Acosta - Carpenter, 2008
In 1970, prior to the 1972 enactment of Title IX, there were only 2.5 women's teams per school and a total of only about 16,000 female intercollegiate athletes. In 1977/1978, the academic year preceding the mandatory compliance date for Title IX, the number of varsity sports for women had grown to 5.61 per school. A decade later, in 1988, the…
Descriptors: Womens Athletics, College Athletics, Intercollegiate Cooperation, Longitudinal Studies
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