Patterns of the gender desegregation process in managerial and professional specialty fields are associated with differences in both occupational growth rates and gender salary levels. Sex desegregation is both widespread among higher-status fields and is increasing over time. (Author)

Problems encountered by women conductors and composers in their struggles toward achievement and recognition are discussed. (RM)

Data from the Washington State Career Development Study showed that many women go between sex-typical and sex-atypical occupations. Higher work commitment slows movement from nontraditional to traditional occupations, but family variables do not constrain moves to nontraditional jobs nor speed moves to traditional ones. (SK)

A study was conducted to understand why so few of the secondary school principals in New York State are women. Results suggest two possible causes: either sufficient women candidates do not apply for the positions, or sex discrimination still exists. (KH)

The precedents set by contemporary women conductors, the models they represent, and the contributions they have made to music constitute significant reasons for them to remain the focus of attention that will confirm their place in musical history. (RM)

Reviewing measures taken by governments, employers, and workers' organizations, the author concludes that while some factors are helping to increase the number of women in nontraditional jobs, other factors such as unemployment and the institutionalization of occupational segregation are working against it. (Author/SK)

An Australian study of 62 women in traditionally male-dominated areas of vocational education found most teachers and male classmates were unsupportive, and the atmosphere was generally oppressive. Sexual discrimination and harassment, isolation, pressure to perform were typical. The women were strong-minded and successful, and most support came…

Surveyed 60 faculty and staff women at a mid-sized university to determine the extent to which they perceived sex discrimination. Faculty women perceived sex discrimination more than did staff women and were less likely to believe that academia was a meritocracy. Differences in perception of sex discrimination were found based upon the gender…

Encouragements and discouragements for achievement-related behavior were reported. Career women reported significantly more encouragement from teachers, family members (except parents), and significant others of the opposite sex. Career men reported more encouragement from parents; however, these differences were not significant. (Author)

A study examined the impact of sex composition of occupation on women's earnings and the structure of wage determination in "masculine" and "feminine" occupations. Data--a national sample of women--came from the Project Talent Data Bank. Results indicated that, overall, women in "masculine" occupations earned approximately 42% more annually than…

Presents job employment patterns in blue-collar occupations for women and proposes a model designed to interest women in nontraditional occupations and provide support networks for women both during and after formal skills training. (MER)

Drawing on research from a number of European countries, the contributors to this book present nine detailed studies on women's work spanning 2 centuries and dealing with a variety of work environments. "General Introduction" (Gertjan de Groot, Marlou Schrover) provides an overview of the book's content. "Frames of Reference: Skill,…

Joint implications from five recent studies on occupational choice indicate that a more in-depth concentration on the occupational consistency or discontinuity of women and minorities will provide direction for future academic discipline and policy for this population. The discipline and policy process is potentially one of the most important…

The results of a longitudinal study of women pursuing administrative careers provides a fuller understanding of the motivations of women and assists aspiring women in making informed career choices. The book has five sections. The first covers career stages common to most aspirants, but from a female perspective. In the second section, women…

A research study in which 24 leading preservice teacher education textbooks are examined for degree of sex equity reveals a predominant attitude of imbalance and omission towards the role and contribution of females in American society and education. The textbooks are content analyzed for space allocation and treatment of sexism, sex differences…