An analysis of the collegial-friend relationships among academicians in this study indicates that female professors, especially unmarried, have fewer males in their collegial-friend networks than men. It is suggested that isolation from these informal collegial contacts, whether by choice or exclusion, leaves women at a professional disadvantage.…

Examines the possibility that an information-processing bias can cause people to be less able to perceive sex discrimination on a personal level than on a societal level. Suggests the importance of formatting for people to discern discrimination since the format seems to affect information processing. (SA)

Discusses the women's movement using a social movement analysis focusing on success in creating social change. Examines why some women become feminists and others antifeminists and the characteristics of social movements' backlash reactions. Material was drawn from 24 women in five countries who used a structured outline to express their…