Wages of female workers differ significantly by industry. The average woman earns about 65% as much as the average man; 12%-22% of the gap is explained by differences in patterns of interindustry wage differentials and 15%-19% by differences in gender distribution of workers. Combined industry effects explain about one-third of the gender wage…

The differential is large: on average, women earn only 60 percent as much as men. (Editor)

Research into the wage determinants of adolescent workers investigated similarities to adult wage determination literature through a survey of 4,317 high school students in Washington. Gender and years in school were significant determinants of wages for the young workers as was family socioeconomic level. (Author)

The most important reason for the difference in the average pay of men and women is the clustering of women in lower paying jobs. (Author)

Compares pre-CETA and post-CETA earnings and income for racial and sexual categories, controlling for age and education. It was found that White gains exceed those for Blacks but that the White income distribution appears to converge with that of Blacks after CETA. (CT)

Estimating salary regressions on data from the 1993-94 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study showed that gender differences in total college credits accounted for more of the male-female salary gap than majors, grades, or institutions. Gender differences in job sector, industry, and hours worked had the largest effect on the gap. However, as…

Interviews with 1,115 male and 271 female professionals revealed significant gender differences in objective characteristics (job title, salary grade, and numbers supervised) and few differences in subjective characteristics (rewards, peer cohesion, staff support, role conflict/ambiguity, workload). (SK)

From 1976 to 1992, gender integration of occupations proceeded more rapidly and steadily in the federal civil service than in the general economy. Increasing numbers of women moved into traditional male occupations; little of this progress was attributed to changes in women's education or seniority. (SK)

Examined variables related to sexual discrimination on-the-job for a sample of social workers (N=128) in North Carolina. Findings indicated that gender was a better predictor of salary than either job position, experience, or education. When these three variables were controlled, males were found to earn an average of $5,645 more per year than…

Examined the relationship between sex and annual salary for 650 certified rehabilitation counselors (CRCs). Found sex to be a significant predictor of CRC annual salaries when effects of religion, employment setting, education, work/location, and work experience were controlled. Indicated that women earn 84% of the salaries earned by men.…

Despite rapid structural change in Taiwan, the gender earnings ratio between 1978-82 remained at 65%. Women's relative gains in education and experience were apparently offset by an increase in wage discrimination. (SK)

Application of single and simultaneous equation fixed-effects and random-effects shows that earnings appreciation with experience and depreciation with labor market interruptions are comparable for men and women. Adjusting for heterogeneity reduces the wage gap to 20%; adjusting for endogeneity reduces it nearly to zero. (SK)

According to data from the Newly Entitled Beneficiary Survey and the 1979 and 1988 Current Population Survey, much of the gender gap in pensions is caused by gender differences in such labor market characteristics as experience, tenure, and income. Children and marriage have a negative effect on females' pensions, although not for more recent…

Estimates of wage and nonfarm self-employment earnings in the Ivory Coast show that rates of return to education are high for both sexes, but men's wages exceed women's by a substantial margin for all but the most educated. (Author/SK)

Uses data from 1988 and 1993 National Center for Education Statistics surveys of faculty to examine what has happened to earnings of women in higher education. Data show the aggregate unexplained wage gap between men and women is between 7% and 10%. Wage gap for younger women is much lower than for older women in academe, suggesting some progress…