Responses of 218 urban husbands and wives and 202 rural husbands and wives were used to test the hypotheses that these two populations would use different coping strategies to deal with the stressors they faced in their different environments and that women would use different strategies than men. Neither hypothesis was supported. (Author/BL)

Examines the relative contributions of gender and context (rural, urban, suburban) in explaining variability among high school students on measures of vocabulary, reading comprehension, mathematics, perceptual discrimination, paired-associated memory, and spatial reasons. Reports that with socioeconomic status controlled, gender and context…

A study of alcohol consumption among employed women and educational implications derived from it are discussed. Results indicated that not only do women drink differently from men, but also rural and urban women drink differently. It is suggested that rural and urban alcohol educational programs should be structured differently. (JD)

Traditionally, a "rural" community refers to a community with low population density, which is relatively isolated from a metropolitan area, and which is economically based around the agriculture industry. This is in contrast to the "urban" community, which refers to a community with high population density or to one that is contained within or…

Examines commuting flows between metropolitan central cities, other metropolitan areas, nonmetropolitan areas, and other rural areas. Commuting in 1980 was predominately toward larger places in the rural-urban hierarchy, and particularly from rural areas and the other metropolitan category to cities. Differences in commuting flows by gender,…

Used data from 1 percent Public Use Microdata Sample of 1980 Census of Population and Housing to examine correlates of availability of personal transportation in households of elders. Results indicated that availability of vehicles decreased with age, was highest for rural farm and lowest for central city residents, and was lower for women.…

Examines the gap in earnings between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan men and women in both 1977 and 1987. Shows that returns outweigh endowments in explaining that gap for both men and women, although their importance decreases over the 10-year period. Uses the 1977 Quality of Employment Survey and the 1988 Current Population Survey. (KS)

Compared rural husbands and wives with urban husbands and wives over range of variables considered fundamental to marriage and family to explore differences by county of residence and by sex. Found that rural spouses were less well educated and more gender role traditional than were urban spouses. (Author/NB)

Analyzed correlates of senior center participation for 13,737 elders from Supplement on Aging of 1984 National Health Interview Survey. Significant characteristics were higher levels of social interaction, decreasing income, living alone, fewer activities of daily living difficulties, being female, and living in suburbs and rural nonfarm areas.…

The EnvironmentalKnowledge and opinion Survey (EKOS) was given to 1881 randomly selected sixth-grade students in a nine-system consortium located in North Carolina. Evaluation of environmental education needs was made with special attention given to school setting (urban or rural) and sex differences. (JP)

This statistical and descriptive report of foreign language (FL) study in Illinois public schools shows considerable continuity in the scope, content, and enrollment patterns of FL programs with respect to earlier surveys. While nearly all high schools offer FL courses, enrollments tend to be higher in suburban schools and in schools with high…

Interviewed 1,496 urban and 553 rural older adults to examine how older unmarried persons spent time in formal, informal, and leisure activities. Found that urban women manifested most diverse social relationships and activities and rural men manifested the least. Data suggest that educational and intervention efforts should not ignore place of…

Compared levels of conformity to parents and peers of 592 Indian adolescents and investigated effects of age, sex, and locality on levels of conformity. Results showed that adolescents were more conforming to parent than to peer views, with early adolescents showing greater adherence to parental views, and late adolescents favoring peers. (Author)

Examined elementary students' attitudes toward computers. Results indicated sex, race, and socioeconomic differences in attitudes. The findings suggest that counselors should become personally comfortable with the use of computers and should assume the role of computer consultants in their school systems. Counselors can encourage positive…