The need for approval and sex role is at best difficult to demonstrate in an adolescent population; the relationship may be limited to elementary aged children, if it occurs at all. Bibliography. (Author)

A study conducted by the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare investigated the relationship between sex role identity and academic achievement. Freshmen and seniors from nine rural Wisconsin high schools completed instruments which measured sex-role identity, self-expectations, self-concepts of ability and educational levels. Results…

Psychosexual personality is not exclusively a postnatal and learned phenomenon. Three biologically-based sex differences can be cited as having promoted status differentiation between males and females. These are (a) greater physical strength of males, (b) greater aggressiveness of males, and (c) child-rearing and nursing roles of females. The…

Research has indicated that gender constancy and categorization are achieved in childhood and that autonomous sex-role integration occurs during adulthood, well after a secure sense of gender identity is established. To examine developmental sex-role identification, college students rated themselves on a "current" Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and…

Males' and females' conceptions of ideal men and women in relation to their perceptions of sex-role sterotypes and their self-concepts were investigated. The following hypotheses were supported by the results obtained: (1) ideal males and females are seen as more similar than typical males and females (p<.01); and (2) one's self-concept is closer…

Findings of a study based upon survey data collected from 189 Black high school seniors from a predominantly Black urban school indicate that more than 40 percent of the youngsters ranked above average on the general self-concept of school ability scale, and 54 percent of the remaining students were average. (Author/EB)

Reports on a study of 60 University of Georgia advertising majors' self-images and perceptions of the "successful" advertising executive. (KS)

Two explanations for the effects of fear of success (boundary maintenance theory and the sex-role prescription model) were investigated. Support for the study's hypotheses was not found; however, both explanations are relevant to the finding that participation in behavior perceived to be sex-role inappropriate plays a role in the fear of success…

The authors discuss what it means to be a boy growing up in our society. They examine ways of responding to boys more meaningfully and explore what they consider are better messages for boys; for example, boys should be taught that negotiating and discussing are as appropriate means of protecting their rights as is fighting. (EK)

A group of 75 grade-school children showed a significant sex difference in deprivation/enhancement fantasy patterns indicating that these patterns meaningfully reflect issues of gender identity. (Author/WY)

Differences in sex role concepts of 360 Black, Italian, and Jewish children (ages 10 through 17) from middle and working class families were examined through a modified version of the Sex Role Questionnaire, yielding descriptions of the self and the male and female stereotypes on both competence and expressive dimensions. (Author/GC)