Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory responses obtained from a random sample of Midwestern adults yielded a pattern significantly different from the pattern of the original norms. From these data, two new kinds of normative tables have been developed. In addition, traditional scoring procedures are replaced by procedures that yield…

As strongly suggested by recent work, patterns of gender difference can change because of changes in the selectivity of the sample itself. This is a statistical influence connected with the distributions of female and male scores, rather than a substantive influence related to demographic characteristics of the sample such as age or ethnicity. It…

Data from the normative archives of the Self-Description Questionnaire for 8 random samples of 500 students support the gender-invariant model of relations between math, verbal, academic, and general self-concepts. The data also provide good support for the comparison of mean scores over gender and age. (SLD)

The hue and cry of the business world is for an educational system that emphasizes the development of analytical abilities and problem solving skills. Society is looking for more competent females in the work force. This study examined the significance of gender, methodology, academic preparation, and age as related to development of judgmental…

This article describes a follow-up and secondary analysis of ego development of two samples originally tested early in their college years and retested to constitute a longitudinal study. Resultant data are consistent with the hypothesis that ego growth occurs according to a fixed sequence of stages and suggest that rate of growth decreases with…

Analysis of data from the 1991 International Assessment of Educational Progress for 34 countries and 3,300 students ages 9 and 13 years in each indicates that gender differences in performance were generally small in mathematics, but were larger for science, with male scores higher in both age groups. (SLD)

Effects of sex, education, and age on total test score on the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test, a college entrance examination, are studied using applicants aged over 25 with 1 to 4 years' work experience. About 10,000 applicants have taken the test annually since 1977. Genuine differences appear in each variable studied. (SLD)

Prior research with the Professional and Career Administrative Examination (PACE), a multiple abilities test battery for federal candidates, demonstrated practice effects (score gains) on alternate forms of the test parts within one administration of the battery. These effects were largest for those abilities including item types constructed…

The purpose of this study was to determine if academic achievement differed among the Piagetian cognitive levels of teacher education students and if these differences interacted with sex, age, classification (e.g., freshmen, sophomores), or ACT scores. Sample for the study consisted of 670 students enrolled in a developmental psychology class.…

The relationship of retest effects from pretest to posttest 2 to 4 weeks later was studied for 2,014 elementary school children (second through sixth graders) taking a battery of 26 multifactor aptitude tests--the Structure of Intellect Learning Abilities Test. Implications of score gains are discussed for age and gender groups. (SLD)

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule was administered to three samples rural high school students. Distributions of scores were similar to Edwards' college sample, except in the area of sex differences. (JKS)

This report presents national estimates of the intellectual development levels of noninstitutionalized children 6-11 years of age in the United States. These estimates were determined by scores on the Vocabulary and Block Design subtest of the WISC obtained in the Health Examination Survey of 1963-65. Findings are shown by age, sex, and grade in…

The beneficial effects of changing an answer on a multiple choice test were examined for elementary school students, with particular emphasis on the answer-changing behavior of minority versus non-minority groups and high-income versus low-income students. Test booklets from students in grade 2 and answer sheets from students in grades 4, 6, and 8…

This report reviews background and test performance data on one large segment of potential graduate school applicants--Graduate Record Examination (GRE) test takers who were 30 years of age or older and test takers who had received their bachelor's degrees more than eight years earlier. When contrasted with younger test takers, the older group…

The effects of objective test answer changing on total test scores of students in grades 4 through 7, and the influences of sex, grade level, test content, and their interrelationships were examined. Standardized tests in reading and mathematics were administered at grade level and out-of-level. Answer changing was assessed by observing responses…