Examines the effects of the child's age and the circumstances surrounding the child's aggression, as well as the sex of parent and child, in determining parents' judgments of children's aggressive behavior. Subjects were 160 upper-middle-class parents (80 pairs of mothers and fathers). (MP)

Responsiveness to babies was observed in parents of children of different ages. Stage of family life cycle affected women's responsivity but not men's. New mothers displayed a heightened generalized interest in babies which is optimally timed and functional in terms of sex differentiated role requirements. (Author/GC)

The potential impact of parenting on adult self-development was examined among 228 parents through the motivational construct of possible selves. Found that parents of infants were more likely to have hoped-for parenting selves than parents of preschoolers, while mothers in both groups were more likely to have feared parenting selves than were…

Compared parents and nonparents to examine differences in the use of gender stereotyping to classify children's toys, and differences according to children's ages. Findings for 206 toys suggest that while toys are gender stereotyped for all age groups, there is more flexibility in gender stereotyping of toys for infants and toddlers. (SLD)

Explored the psychological effects resulting from childhood parent loss by death in a sample of young adults (N=96) divided into three groups: early bereaved, late bereaved, and nonbereaved. Results showed that males, especially young males, appear to be most susceptible to the loss of a parent by death. (LLL)

Examines whether parents of children ages 5 through 13 are able to recognize the impact various socialization techniques have on their own child's interpretations of prosocial behavior. Additionally investigates parents' beliefs about causal attributions made by their children. (MP)

Compared young adults who had experienced parental divorce before school age (n=134), in latency (n=129), and in adolescence (n=71). Found that 24% of boys who had experienced parental divorce in latency were depressive as compared with 9% and 6% in other groups. Among girls, depression was independent of timing of parental divorce. (Author/NB)

Investigates 56 nursery school children and their parents, finding sex and age differences in child behavior, sex differences in parent behavior, and differences for both over time. Suggests that leave-taking distress is related to ambivalent behavior at reunion and to parent behaviors. (CB)

Results indicate that preschool children are capable of making moral judgments in both apology-restitution and guilt-innocence test contexts. Age and sex are significantly related to both moral judgment measures, while intelligence and parent occupation are unrelated to both measures. (Author/RH)

All children tended to view the mother more frequently than the father as a source of understanding and comfort, and all the groups saw the father more often than the mother as dominating, and fear provoking. (Author)

Assessed parent-child interaction in 2-parent families with 12- and 18-month-old infants through questionnaires, interviews, family observations, and the Ainsworth Strange Situation procedure. Found no effect of family stress and marital adjustment on infants' attachment classification. Parents of 12 month olds reported greater marital adjustment…

The present research examined the developing awareness in children that one's emotional state need not correspond to how one appears expressively to others. Descriptive data were collected on children's own views about emotion management in interpersonal conflict scenarios and in general hypothetical situations. All of the child variables provide…

Both structured and free response questionnaires were given to 600 Australian children (100 each of 6-, 7-, and 8-year-old boys and girls) on perceptions of their parents. The free response questionnaire asked children to complete sentences beginning with the phrase "Mothers are" or the phrase "Fathers are." The structured…

This study investigated variations in adolescents' relationships with mothers and fathers. Two questions guided the study: (1) Are differences in the features of adolescents relationships with parents related to adolescents grade, adolescents gender, or parents gender?; and (2) Are differences in parents influence related to adolescents grade,…

A sample of 1,172 cases of both confirmed and unconfirmed child abuse was analyzed in an attempt to identify major demographic variables which might be associated with differential case handling. The data were collected by transferring previously recorded information on child injury cases from state central registries to a standardized form. The…