Used national survey data to examine gender differences in relationships of marital status and of marital quality to psychosocial well-being. Findings suggest that it is quality of marital interaction rather than marriage per se that is more important for individual well-being, and that effects of marital quality are stronger among women than…

Examined United States national survey data from 1972 through 1986 General Social Surveys conducted by the National Opinion Research Center. Found rather steady decline from 1972 through 1986 in positive relationship between being married and reported happiness. Change occurred primarily through increase in reported happiness of never-married…

Data from seven recent American national surveys found that persons remarried after divorce had rather high levels of reported well-being, but never-remarried women reported lower aggregate marital happiness than never-divorced married women or never-remarried men; the difference was not explained by race, age, or socioeconomic variables.…

A study among black and white high school students in northeast Georgia indicates that while marriage is a matter of anticipation, it is regarded in different ways among the different sexes, races, age and achievement groups. All operate within context of theoretical freedom of choice, while in fact that are circumscribed by cultural boundaries.…

Men and women were randomly chosen from courthouse divorce files. After initial contact by mail and by phone, those who agreed were mailed questionnaires developed to assess adjustment to divorce and to obtain information about the nature of divorce. Of those sent questionnaires, 44% completed and returned the assessment; the total sample…

Investigates net effect of marital satisfaction on morale for a sample of married residents aged 60 and over. Results indicate existence of a positive effect and this effect appears notably stronger for females. (Author)

Notes that except for black males, a greater transmission effect is found among respondents from childhood homes disrupted by divorce or separation rather than by death. Also suggests that the role model rationale for the transmission of marital instability be elaborated upon. (Author/AM)

Examines the effect of family indicators, including marriage, on migration from, and return to, Puerto Rico in the 1980s using data from surveys of 3,175 and 2,032 women. Single women apparently use migration to gain independence, but married women often follow men in the migration stream. (SLD)

It is suggested that it is often in intimate relationships that people seek to develop and maintain both a sense of personal identity and a sense of stability. By outlining some of the major conditions required for the carrying out of these two activities it is shown that they are in potential conflict. (Author)

Examines longitudinal data on college enrollment, marriage, and parenthood among 9,608 White high school graduates. Concludes that marriage and parenthood exert negative effects on the higher education of both men and women, with marriage being particularly detrimental to women's education. Contains 26 references. (SV)

This study was conducted to investigate the attitudes of undergraduate college students (N=168) toward a reported incident of domestic turbulence. The five independent variables investigated were gender, marital status, age, family structure, and personal experiences with abuse. Two scenarios were used; one contained a provocation statement by the…

Found an excess mortality, especially among women, among people who are remarried and cohabiting. A narrower than expected gender mortality difference existed when work status and number of children were taken into consideration. Unemployed women, as well as unskilled male workers, were in particularly vulnerable situations at divorce. (RJM)

Marriage attitudes were correlated with gender and premarital sexual activity. Females exhibited more favorable attitudes toward marriage than did males. Virgins perceived marriage more positively than did nonvirgins who had multiple sex partners. No significance found between interaction of gender and virginity status. (RJM)

Used Canadian mortality census data from 1959 through 1981 to examine relationship between marital status transitions of men and women and mortality from neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases. Found lower death rate among marrieds. Found men had greater mortality risk reduction from state of marriage than women. (Author/CM)

Argues that the Women's Liberation movement was interconnected to contraceptive technology and a shift in the ratio of males to females at marriageable age. These changes influenced the proportion of married women, divorce rate, marital fertility rate, illegitimacy ratio, and male-female differences in education and labor-force participation.…