Found significant differences between male and female college students' (n=641) attitudes toward premarital sex among casual acquaintances and attitudes toward extramarital, oral-genital, and anal sex, with males expressing more liberal attitudes. Found no significant differences between males' and females' attitudes toward premarital sex when…

Investigated gender differences in extent to which individuals are altruistically other-oriented in their intimate heterosexual relationships. Data from married and single college students suggest that men are more altruistically other-oriented toward their partners than are women. Altruistic other-orientation appeared to be encouraged by…

Examines the independent and/or combined effects of doctoral students' gender, age, ethnicity, and marital, academic and enrollment status on their coping abilities. The Hope Index scale was administered to 140 randomly selected doctoral students. Results reveal that gender and age had a combination effect on the coping abilities of doctoral…

College students were to read applications and give their judgements regarding the competence of female and male job applicants, who were described as either married, never married, widowed, or divorced. Neither the sex nor the marital status of the applicant had a strong or consistent effect on the subjects' evaluations. (AOS)

Examines variables related to successful probation completion among 266 Tennessee felony probationers whose cases had been closed due to completion, revocation, absconsion, or sentence for a new offense. The variables of marital status, employment, educational attainment, gender, prior criminal record, level of supervision, and length of…

Describes a graduate student needs assessment study including test construction, pilot study and test administration. Presents student needs in rank order and discusses differences by sex, race and marital status. Presents implications for student development professionals. (Author/RC)

This study was conducted to examine the types of stresses experienced by professionals. Subjects were 56 persons enrolled in graduate classes who completed the Tennessee Stress Scale-L, Work Related Stress Inventory for Professionals. Besides the Total stress score, the instrument produced three subscale scores: Stress Producers, Coping…

Sex and race differences in the problems and needs of medical students were investigated. The variables of marital status and the year in school were also considered. The results suggested that many important needs of first- and second-year medical students at Emory University were not being met. (Author/MLW)

Revised sexual behaviors and relationship stages in Reiss Premarital Sexual Permissiveness Scale. Used experimental randomization to examine how standards vary for different targets. Findings from 237 undergraduates revealed that age, but not gender, of hypothetical person in scale affected responses. Standards were less permissive for adolescents…

Examines longitudinal data on college enrollment, marriage, and parenthood among 9,608 White high school graduates. Concludes that marriage and parenthood exert negative effects on the higher education of both men and women, with marriage being particularly detrimental to women's education. Contains 26 references. (SV)

This study was conducted to investigate the attitudes of undergraduate college students (N=168) toward a reported incident of domestic turbulence. The five independent variables investigated were gender, marital status, age, family structure, and personal experiences with abuse. Two scenarios were used; one contained a provocation statement by the…

Marriage attitudes were correlated with gender and premarital sexual activity. Females exhibited more favorable attitudes toward marriage than did males. Virgins perceived marriage more positively than did nonvirgins who had multiple sex partners. No significance found between interaction of gender and virginity status. (RJM)

Asked 462 university students whether or not each of 16 scenarios represented "family" to ascertain their perceptions of "family." Found that all respondents considered traditional nuclear unit as family, and majority perceived marital status and parental status to be important features when defining family. Respondents tended to exclude…

Tests whether patterns of gender differences in work values in Western societies were manifest in university students in Israel and are affected by marital status or major. Finds no significant differences in across the entire sample or within samples of single and married students; division by major did reveal significant differences. (DSK)

Premature termination of client counseling has primarily been studied in university counseling centers and outpatient therapy settings. Findings from studies at university centers have indicated that some personality variables may be related to premature termination, including low self-esteem, low anxiety, high tolerance for ambiguity, and…