This article is based on a doctoral dissertation submitted by the first author, under the direction of the second author, to the University of Massachusetts.

Indicates that two major nonexclusive permutation problem-solving strategies increase with age: (1) mathematical group structure, and (2) holding initial marks constant while permuting the remainder. Significant sex differences are suggested. This report is based on a dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of Purdue University by the first…

Seventy-nine kindergarten and sixth-grade right-handed subjects were administered tasks to infer left-hemisphere and right-hemisphere processing and a measure of field dependence/independence. Results correlating to age and sex are discussed. (Author/SJL)

This study compared the cross-grade associations of students in an open-space and a traditionally designed elementary school. Sixth grade students indicated their willingness to engage in different activities with students in kindergarten through grade six. No significant differences were found between students in the open-space and traditional…

This paper discusses the relation between feelings about body development and other aspects of self-image such as social relations, external mastery and impulse control. The Offer Self-Image Questionnaire was administered to about 400 sixth grade students in two middle class suburban school districts. Results indicate that, compared to boys of the…

Results indicated that Piagetian developmental level significantly predicted problem-solving performance, whereas level of field independence did not appear to clarify individual differences in a meaningful way. (Author)

Results demonstrate that adolescents experience enduring fright reactions from scary television shows and films, yet their mothers are often unaware of their responses. Concludes that family communication about how and when a child is frightened is poor. (PD)

Questions designed to assess children's reactions to the ending of friendships were asked in structured interviews involving 64 children (30 third graders and 34 sixth graders). Subjects, divided almost equally by sex, were mostly white and primarily middle-class. Questions were specifically designed to elicit information regarding (1) why and how…

Positively correlated were verbal fluency scores and scores for strategies expected to distinguish levels of verbal fluency among 64 third-graders and 71 sixth-graders. When a smaller sample of similarly aged students completed expanded versions of tasks, results revealed grade and gender differences in strategy use and level of task performance.…

Considers how educators need to know more about self-esteem in males and females of different grades with different reading achievement levels. Attempts to determine the difference of fourth and sixth graders' self-esteem. Suggests that educators must do more to instill a genuine curiosity and love for reading to have boys in our nation's schools…

This study examined the self-concept of elementary school children enrolled in grades 2, 4, 6, and 8 of schools in the West African country of Gambia. Measures of self-concept in the areas of physical maturity, peer relations, academic success, and school adaptiveness were obtained from 156 students. The mean scores of the students were subjected…

In two studies, second and sixth graders heard descriptions of hypothetical boys and girls who were either aggressive, socially withdrawn, or prosociable. Subjects' memories of items in the descriptions were assessed. Results indicated that school-age and early adolescent children's recall of information about a peer is affected by the peer's…

Explores the factors associated with expected outcome of emotional expression and likelihood of expression among 125 first-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children. Results suggest that socialization practices tend to be directed towards the suppression of sadness among males. (RJC)

Although research has shown that children tend to designate traditional sex-role areas when asked what they would like to be and that girls nominate a narrower range of vocations than do boys, more recent findings suggest that children of both sexes nominate equal numbers of vocations. Older girls, unlike boys, also choose nontraditional…