Challenging Horner but following Berger and Luckmann, "female motive to avoid success" is interpreted as a normative response to social deviancy. Previous studies of this "motive" have analyzed male S's response to male success at activities typified for males but female S's response to female success at activities non-typified for females. This…

The research findings are reviewed under headings that reflect aspects of the wife role as it is defined in the theoretical formulations. In addition, a large body of hitherto unexplained sex differences in marital satisfaction are examined. (Author)

Examines how women in mid-level leadership positions understand themselves as leaders. Explores the women's perceptions of how they function as leaders, and compares them to the generic notions of leadership, shaped by male experience, found in the current literature. (MKA)

Many obstacles inhibit women from realizing their leadership potential: confusion about giftedness, psychological and cultural barriers to owning and displaying one's abilities, and ambivalent attitudes toward exceptional ability in women. Encourages feminist psychologists to respond to gifted women's unique affective needs, and focuses on…

Reviews two inflexible characterizations found in the literature, and argues for the superiority of a third conception now gaining currency. It is then shown how the third characterization helps to understand blacks and women. (DM)

This study explores the attribution patterns of undergraduate students for females and males who performed parenting tasks traditionally defined as feminine. A total of 136 men and 136 women were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions and were presented with stories of parent-child interactions which varied in terms of the success or failure…

Male and female students from general psychology classes completed several attitudinal questionnaires, including the Women as Managers Scale and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale. In a later experimental session, subjects viewed a 10-minute video tape that contained either a male or a female directing a mixed sex triad on a dominoes design task.…

It is hypothesized that in traditional African society the roles of men and women were different but less unequal than the norm adopted by the colonial authorities and the rulers of independent Africa. However, at the village level, perceptions about correct sex roles have not changed greatly. (Author/MC)

Four diverse groups of women (members of the university women's caucus, a sample of undergraduates, a group of secretarial and clerical women, and a nonworking group) agreed on the prestige accorded to different occupations. The same groups showed clear differences when asked whether the occupations were appropriate for women. (Author/EAK)

To examine relationships between masculinity-femininity, presence of same or opposite sex sibling, and accuracy of cross-sex role-taking, 92 male and female undergraduates classified the 20 items comprising Smith's Masculinity-Femininity Scale according the sex-role characteristics. (Author)

Males' and females' conceptions of ideal men and women in relation to their perceptions of sex-role sterotypes and their self-concepts were investigated. The following hypotheses were supported by the results obtained: (1) ideal males and females are seen as more similar than typical males and females (p<.01); and (2) one's self-concept is closer…