Results indicate that feminists and nonfeminists of both sexes have disparate perceptions of desirable characteristics for women. Nonfeminists describe ideal men and women in terms of traditional stereotypes. Feminists describe the ideal person as possessing masculine sex-role characteristics. (Author/BEF)

Collected data from 206 probation officers to examine work ideologies of juvenile versus adult probation officers. Findings revealed that juvenile and adult probation officers differed in their opinions about the best method of managing offenders under correctional supervision, with juvenile workers expressing more support for casework-type…

This study was designed to extend discussion of fear of success beyond the college population, using Horner's original coding scheme to examine the thematic imagery of TAT stories told by a cross-section of the public during a survey interview. The data collected from this sample of the general public contrasted in several ways with data gathered…

This paper deals with two sets of data-one that fails to find any long-term sex differences in adults, and another which seems to find such differences. The Berkeley Guidance Study offers longitudinal data in which no variables differentiate between the two sexes at all age levels. From these results, the authors conclude that the normal course of…

Videotapes of two 17-month old children -- each child sometimes described as a boy and sometimes as a girl -- were shown to 85 adult middle-class subjects, who rated attributes of the children on questionnaires containing sex role items. (Authors/RY)

This study examined sex differences in values and roles reported by five samples of adults from North America and Europe. The data were derived from a larger set gathered as part of the Work Importance Study (WIS) in which researchers in a dozen countries developed the two instruments in their own language. The question posed here related to the…

A study examined the effects of gender on social interaction under numerically imbalanced conditions. Specifically, the study tested R. M. Kanter's assumption that all tokens (individuals who enter a work environment where their gender is numerically scarce) respond in a similar manner to token conditions, although evidence exists that males and…

After distinguishing between sex-role typing, socialization, and identification, a sample of male and female adults were grouped according to their sex role and socialization pattern. It was noted that sex-role typing for men appears to expand the personal options available to them; for women, sex-role typing seems to restrict the alternatives of…

There is research support of the hypothesis that engaging in multiple roles yields better health and greater life satisfaction, and there is support of the hypothesis that multiple role involvement leads to symptoms of role strain. No study has employed a comprehensive model to address the impact of multiple roles or attempted to identify…

In 1970, Broverman, Broverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, and Vogel administered a Stereotype Questionnaire to 79 male and female clinically trained psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. The study concluded that sex bias was demonstrated in that clinicians' trait ascriptions given to the mentally healthy adult person did not differ…

More than 300 adults responded to a telephone survey designed to examine whether the gender of the source and the similarity of gender between the source and the receiver affected the receiver's perception of source credibility. The results indicated that (1) men had more overall credibility than did women, (2) women recognized that they would…

Examined gender stereotypes of typical and optimal mentally healthy aging. Respondents--young adults (n=232) and their older adult relatives/acquaintances (n=233)--reported more gender stereotypes than age stereotypes. Perceptions of typical aging varied with certain factors. Findings suggest a double standard of aging for typical but not for…

Sex-role research has placed considerable emphasis on the measurement of maleness and femaleness within individuals, and upon measures of the degree of sex-role stereotyping within American society. The nature and type of conceptions of femaleness and maleness generated by blacks and whites in an open-ended questionnaire were investigated.…

To eight pictures of adolescents in the School Scene Apperception Questionnaire, adolescents note their agreement to statements which were derived from free responses by more than 600 adolescents having some difficulty in school. To establish the reactions of school-adjusted adolescents to the pictures, three semantic differential…

Investigated how men and women with high and low levels of education perceive male and female targets who participate or do not participate in household chores. It was found that both highly and less educated individuals perceive a male target who participates in household chores more favorably, this preference is more pronounced among more…