Compared 10 male and 10 female adolescent delinquents with 10 male and 10 female nondelinquents on structured self-reported affective empathy task, unstructured affective empathy task, and cognitive role-taking measure. Differences between groups were found only on the unstructured empathy task, with delinquents performing more poorly than…

Examined the relationship between a general measure of self esteem and specific measures of agentic and communal self esteem. Agentic measures accounted for a greater proportion of the variance in the general self esteem scores of male than of female undergraduates. (Author/MK)

Prediction of academic performance was investigated among 76 introductory psychology students. Seven noncognitive and four cognitive measures were used. Sex differences emerged, the best predictors being the Basic Word Vocabulary Test (cognitive) and the American Core Values Test (noncognitive) accounting for about 50 percent of the variance. (JC)

Reexamined findings of Thompson, Hatchett, and Phillips (1981) which found that females gave more extreme affect ratings and less extreme control ratings to interpersonal verbs than did males. Used multidimensional scaling techniques with 43 female and 39 male college students. Analyses of data failed to replicate findings of sex differences on…

This study examines factors related to the affective meanings that spouses and cohabitors attach to child care, baby care, and nine household chores. Gender is related to about a third of these task meanings. Gender also moderates the relationship between work and twelve task meanings. (Contains 35 references, 8 tables, and 1 appendix.) (BF)

The Anger Expression Scale (AX) was administered to 150 volunteers ranging in age from 21 to 83 years. The AX yields three scores, anger-in, anger-out, and total AX. Results indicated that both the young adult and middle age groups had higher total AX than the older group. (Author/BS)

Evaluated the effects of bereavement on 211 older adults two months after their spouse's death. Results showed strong differences between bereaved individuals and controls on measures of grief and mental health. Women reported greater distress; however there were no sex differences that were related directly to spouse loss. (WAS)

Studied subjects' judgments concerning the affective and control connotations of sentences describing interpersonal relationships. Females judged interpersonal relations to be more extreme in affect while males judged the same relations to be more extreme in control. Implications for communication problems between individuals of opposite sex were…

Predicted interpersonal attraction to the novel stimulus by assessing the affective properties of stimulus descriptions. One group responded to characterizations on scales of concern. In another group, positive feelings and high concern about the stimulus led to greatest attraction. Results illustrate the benefits of prediction of the liking…

Examined self-concept and perceived athletic competence of Turkish early adolescents in relation to physical activity level and gender. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant main effects for gender and physical activity level but no significant gender by physical activity interaction. Univariate analysis demonstrated significant…

Theories regarding expressions of hostility and anger, and expectations of success were tested with college students (174 females, 91 males). Significant gender differences were found in proneness for shame and guilt in females. Guilt-proness was negatively related to outward anger but positively related to anger control. Guilt-proness was also…

Female childhood sexual abuse survivors and adolescent male sexual offenders with a history of childhood sexual abuse were assessed using the Trauma-Related Beliefs Questionnaire. Results suggested that male sex offenders hold high levels of traumagenic beliefs common in females, especially related to trust and betrayal. (Author)

Utilized the Family Environment Scale and the Experience Sampling Method to evaluate how family discord was related to adolescents' age, in 101 single-mother families. Mothers' reports of overall discord decreased across adolescence. In immediate interactions, boys reported feeling more anger towards their mothers with age, while girls reported…

Responses to the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) were factor analyzed with children (N=4972) between 6 and 19 years. Three anxiety factors emerged that were consistent with earlier studies. Factor structure of the RCMAS is for the most part invariant with regard to race and sex. (Author)

Examined the quality and intensity of children's emotional attributions to themselves and to others as characters in affect-laden stories. Results indicated that children attributed more sad and scared responses and fewer happy responses to the other than to the self. More intense responses were attributed to the other. (Author)