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Clever, Andrew; And Others – Journal of Special Education, 1992
This study of self-perceptions of fifth graders found that children with learning disabilities (n=35) and children with low achievement (n=27) had significantly larger discrepancies between perceived competence and importance in the scholastic domain than 122 normally achieving children. Little evidence for a discounting mechanism to protect…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Competence, Defense Mechanisms, Intermediate Grades

Osborne, Jason W. – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Tested hypothesis that African American children protect themselves from failure by detaching their self-esteem from academic outcomes. Analyses revealed a pattern of weakening correlations between self-esteem and academic outcomes from 8th to 10th grade for African American students. Correlations for white students remained stable or increased.…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Adolescents, Blacks, Comparative Analysis