This study examines the mediating role of personal growth initiative in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and engagement by examining gender differences. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the mediating role of personal growth initiative and its examination of gender differences in the relationship between academic…

Teacher leadership has recently gained significant attention in the literature since there is enough evidence that it leads to effective student outcomes. Therefore, many scholars study the antecedents of teacher leadership. This study investigates the impact of self-affirmation on teacher leadership beliefs through an experimental design.…

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between self-talk and mental toughness levels of kickboxers and to compare the differences between the self-talk and mental toughness of the athletes according to the independent variables obtained from the personal information of the athletes participating in the research. The study group of…

This article reports on the development of a scale for measuring the self-regulated motivation for improving speaking English as a foreign language (EFL). The scale, which is informed by Pintrich's self-regulated learning (SRL) model, addresses motivational aspects of SRL. The scale was constructed in three stages: item pooling, exploratory factor…