This study explores the sophomore year, a critical juncture during the undergraduate experience with notable attrition rates. By dissecting environmental, academic, and situational determinants, this study provides insightful perspective by delving into the student narrative, enriching the existing literature. Employing semi-structured interviews,…

Objective: This paper presents a theory-based brief resilience scale, the Resilience Resources Scale (RRS), and evidence for its factor structure, reliability, and validity in two studies of undergraduate students. Participants: Study 1 sampled 295 students and Study 2 sampled 244 students. Methods: Study 1 participants completed the RRS and other…

Six studies were reported questioning the conclusions of Covington and Omelich that pride in success, shame in failure, and positive self-esteem are more closely linked with ability ascriptions than with effort. The research demonstrated that affective intensity is in part determined by the perceived importance of the task. (BS)

Several environmental constructs which influence identity are measured by the Erwin Identity Scale (EIS) and delineated. The EIS is an objectively scored instrument designed to measure the student development concept of identity based on the conceptualizations of Chickering and Erikson. Three sub-scales (confidence, sexual identity, and…

This exploratory module provides activities designed to enable the learner to develop an awareness of self. Activities suggest the formation of a group of 12-16 people and the presentation of a statement of self. The group is then subdivided, and participants share their statement after they have completed the following activities: personal…

Self-esteem has been defined as the "totality of the individual's thoughts and feelings having reference to himself as an object." Self-concept has been defined as the descriptive and evaluative beliefs that a person holds about multidimensional characteristics of the self. As children progress through primary school, general…

This exploratory module is designed to provide an opportunity for the learner to become more aware of self and to share this awareness with another. Specific activities are described to enable the learner to discover: (a) the sharing of experience; (b) who one is and who one pretends to be; (c) responsibilities that force the learner to say "I…

Two studies provide support for a model of jealousy based on self-evaluation maintenance theory. Greater jealousy was reported when the domain of a rival's achievements was also a domain of high self-relevance to the participant. Notes sex differences in the impact of relationship partners on domains of self-definition. (LSR)

An experimental group of 51 students from non-graded and three matched groups of 187 pupils from graded programs were studied to determine the relative effectiveness of non-graded and graded approaches to elementary education and whether any differences found at the end of six years of schooling remained after both groups had been exposed to a…