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Gastic, Billie – Education and Urban Society, 2017
The racial discipline gap--the finding that Black and Latino students are more likely to be disciplined at school than White students, and often more harshly--has implications for students' academic success. This study concluded that differences in students' behavior do not fully explain the disproportionate likelihood that Black students are…
Descriptors: Disproportionate Representation, Discipline, Zero Tolerance Policy, Racial Differences
Delander, Brady – Education Commission of the States, 2014
By coincidence or not, Massachusetts, Illinois and Virginia created civic education task forces not long after national test results showed a dismal understanding of the subject matter across all grade levels. Results of the 2010 National Assessment of Educational Progress showed just 25 percent of all testtakers in grades 4, 8 and 12 demonstrated…
Descriptors: Citizenship Education, National Competency Tests, State Legislation, Educational Legislation