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Direct linkMa, Xin; Wu, Xian; Yuan, Jing; Luo, Xingkai – Teachers College Record, 2018
Background/Context: Students, classrooms, teachers, and schools form hierarchical units of any schooling system that compete for, say, educational resources and sometimes blame one another for the failure to meet a certain societal goal. Little educational research exists that separates competing effects on schooling outcomes across these…
Descriptors: Science Achievement, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Science, Secondary School Students
