Quantum physics is the basis for many technologies that are a fundamental part of our daily lives (e.g., lasers) or that may become so in the future (e.g., quantum cryptography and quantum computing). Because of this, quantum physics is now a central aspect of many countries' secondary school curricula. In this article, we present the design and structure of an online secondary school course for synchronous learning on the historical development of quantum physics and its modern applications. With this online course entitled "Reading Club Quantum Physics: From the Beginnings to Modern Quantum Technologies," we want to provide teachers with an individually usable resource for reading parts of quantum physics pioneers' original publications together with their students. For this purpose, we have didactically prepared selected articles with publication dates from 1901 to 2019 and enriched them in this course (consisting of a total of seven chapters) with various work materials. Interested teachers can access our course, without charge, for their own and their students' use by sending an email to the corresponding author.