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San Martín, Ernesto; González, Jorge – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2022
The nonequivalent groups with anchor test (NEAT) design is widely used in test equating. Under this design, two groups of examinees are administered different test forms with each test form containing a subset of common items. Because test takers from different groups are assigned only one test form, missing score data emerge by design rendering…
Descriptors: Tests, Scores, Statistical Analysis, Models
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Wang, Yan; Kim, Eunsook; Yi, Zhiyao – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2022
Latent profile analysis (LPA) identifies heterogeneous subgroups based on continuous indicators that represent different dimensions. It is a common practice to measure each dimension using items, create composite or factor scores for each dimension, and use these scores as indicators of profiles in LPA. In this case, measurement models for…
Descriptors: Robustness (Statistics), Profiles, Statistical Analysis, Classification
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A. R. Georgeson – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2025
There is increasing interest in using factor scores in structural equation models and there have been numerous methodological papers on the topic. Nevertheless, sum scores, which are computed from adding up item responses, continue to be ubiquitous in practice. It is therefore important to compare simulation results involving factor scores to…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Scores, Factor Analysis, Statistical Bias
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Paul T. von Hippel – Education Next, 2024
In a 1984 essay, Benjamin Bloom, an educational psychologist at the University of Chicago, asserted that tutoring offered "the best learning conditions we can devise" and that tutors could raise student achievement by two full standard deviations--or, in statistical parlance, two "sigmas." The influence of Bloom's two-sigma…
Descriptors: Tutoring, Academic Achievement, Educational Experiments, Tests
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Almehrizi, Rashid S. – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2022
Coefficient alpha reliability persists as the most common reliability coefficient reported in research. The assumptions for its use are, however, not well-understood. The current paper challenges the commonly used expressions of coefficient alpha and argues that while these expressions are correct when estimating reliability for summed scores,…
Descriptors: Reliability, Scores, Scaling, Statistical Analysis
Karun Adusumilli; Francesco Agostinelli; Emilio Borghesan – National Bureau of Economic Research, 2024
This paper examines the scalability of the results from the Tennessee Student-Teacher Achievement Ratio (STAR) Project, a prominent educational experiment. We explore how the misalignment between the experimental design and the econometric model affects researchers' ability to learn about the intervention's scalability. We document heterogeneity…
Descriptors: Class Size, Research Design, Educational Research, Program Effectiveness
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Copur-Gencturk, Yasemin; Choi, Hye-Jeong; Cohen, Alan – Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 2023
Examining teachers' knowledge on a large scale involves addressing substantial measurement and logistical issues; thus, existing teacher knowledge assessments have mainly consisted of selected-response items because of their ease of scoring. Although open-ended responses could capture a more complex understanding of and provide further insights…
Descriptors: Mathematics Teachers, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Statistical Analysis, Models
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Collier, Zachary K.; Leite, Walter L. – Journal of Experimental Education, 2022
Artificial neural networks (NN) can help researchers estimate propensity scores for quasi-experimental estimation of treatment effects because they can automatically detect complex interactions involving many covariates. However, NN is difficult to implement due to the complexity of choosing an algorithm for various treatment levels and monitoring…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Mentors, Beginning Teachers, Teacher Persistence
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John R. Donoghue; Carol Eckerly – Applied Measurement in Education, 2024
Trend scoring constructed response items (i.e. rescoring Time A responses at Time B) gives rise to two-way data that follow a product multinomial distribution rather than the multinomial distribution that is usually assumed. Recent work has shown that the difference in sampling model can have profound negative effects on statistics usually used to…
Descriptors: Scoring, Error of Measurement, Reliability, Scoring Rubrics
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Ranger, Jochen; Brauer, Kay – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2022
The generalized S-X[superscript 2]-test is a test of item fit for items with polytomous responses format. The test is based on a comparison of the observed and expected number of responses in strata defined by the test score. In this article, we make four contributions. We demonstrate that the performance of the generalized S-X[superscript 2]-test…
Descriptors: Goodness of Fit, Test Items, Statistical Analysis, Item Response Theory
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Demirkaya, Onur; Bezirhan, Ummugul; Zhang, Jinming – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2023
Examinees with item preknowledge tend to obtain inflated test scores that undermine test score validity. With the availability of process data collected in computer-based assessments, the research on detecting item preknowledge has progressed on using both item scores and response times. Item revisit patterns of examinees can also be utilized as…
Descriptors: Test Items, Prior Learning, Knowledge Level, Reaction Time
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Leili Tapak; Yadollah Hamidi; Zahra Toosi – Learning Organization, 2024
Purpose: Learning organization (LO) concept has received much attention in the last decades. The purpose of an LO is to proactively shape its future by fostering a culture of continuous learning among its members. This approach empowers the organization to adapt, evolve and innovate, aligning with the needs and aspirations of both internal and…
Descriptors: Organizational Learning, Questionnaires, Organizational Culture, Organizational Change
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Emma Somer; Carl Falk; Milica Miocevic – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
Factor Score Regression (FSR) is increasingly employed as an alternative to structural equation modeling (SEM) in small samples. Despite its popularity in psychology, the performance of FSR in multigroup models with small samples remains relatively unknown. The goal of this study was to examine the performance of FSR, namely Croon's correction and…
Descriptors: Scores, Structural Equation Models, Comparative Analysis, Sample Size
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Thomas Mgonja; Francisco Robles – Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 2024
Completion of remedial mathematics has been identified as one of the keys to college success. However, completion rates in remedial mathematics have been low and are of much debate across America. This study leverages machine learning techniques in trying to predict and understand completion rates in remedial mathematics. The purpose of this study…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Remedial Mathematics, Mathematics Achievement, Graduation Rate
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Dumas, Denis; Organisciak, Peter; Maio, Shannon; Doherty, Michael – Journal of Creative Behavior, 2021
When individuals engage in divergent thinking, they vary on their Elaboration, or the degree to which they explain and embellish their responses. Although Elaboration has been considered relevant to creativity research for decades, its measurement has remained under-developed. Here, we leverage technical and methodological perspectives from the…
Descriptors: Creativity, Creative Thinking, Cognitive Processes, Statistical Analysis
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