The "conventional wisdom" is that grades are related to class attendance, i.e., students who attend classes more frequently obtain better grades and class attendance dramatically contributes to enhanced learning. However, the influence of sex (female vs. male) on this relationship is understudied. Furthermore, there have been several studies…

The results from tests set as part of a large mathematics teaching development project are explored using both quantitative and qualitative methods to seek differences in performance between boys and girls. The outcome appears to confirm the theory developed from earlier research into gender differences that there might be a tendency for girls to…

This paper reports an examination on gender differences in lunar phases understanding of 123 students (70 females and 53 males). Middle-level students interacted with the Moon through observations, sketching, journalling, two-dimensional and three-dimensional modelling, and classroom discussions. These lunar lessons were adapted from the Realistic…

Similarities and differences prior to, during, and after medical school between 3,451 men and 1,121 women graduates of Jefferson Medical College were investigated. Differences in test scores, competence ratings, specialty choices, and estimated income hold implications for health care manpower management. (SLD)

The relationship between gender and mathematical achievement was investigated in 440 female and 480 male Norwegian third graders. Boys had higher test scores, but the effect size was small. Boys performed better in numeracy, mental arithmetic, and measurement problems. Marked gender differences were found at extreme tails of the distribution.…

Performances of 60 male and 60 female undergraduates on a conventional multiple-choice test were compared with their performances on a test that enabled them to assess the correctness of their own answers. The self-assessment approach reduced the bias seen in differences between male and female scores. (SLD)

A meta-analysis of gender differences examined statistics achievement in postsecondary level psychology, education, and business courses. Analysis of 13 articles (18 samples) found that undergraduate males had an advantage, outscoring females when the outcome was a series of examinations. Females outscored males when the outcome was total course…

This study investigated correlations between the Qualitative score of the Porteus Maze Test and age and rates of recidivism of correctional institution inmates. In addition, the study was structured to provide answers to the following questions: (1) Is there a relationship between age and rates of recidivism and the Conformity-Variability score of…

Results for 3,244 female and 3,033 male junior high school students from the Second International Mathematics Study show that applied items in algebra, geometry, and computation were easier for males but arithmetic items were differentially easier for females. Implications of these findings for assessment and instruction are discussed. (SLD)

A reanalysis of the data considered by H. Wainer and L. Steinberg (1992) shows that a more appropriate composite indicator made up of Scholastic Aptitude Test mathematics score and high school grade point average demonstrates minuscule gender differences for both calculus and precalculus courses. (SLD)

Students who take the National Education Development Test (NEDT) receive predictions of their test score range for college entrance examinations including the American College Testing Program (ACT). This study was undertaken to investigate the correlation between scores on the NEDT and the ACT. Sixty female students were selected from the junior…

The content of selected major achievement tests is examined for bias in the frequency of references to the male and the female sex. The performance of males and females is contrasted on each item considered, and the relationships between item content and the performance differences is surveyed. The tests used in this study include the Metropolitan…

To explore the effects that changing to performance-based assessment has had on sex differences in science achievement that had been observed with traditional tests, 3 studies involving more than 906 elementary school students compared scores of males and females on performance-based tests. Few gender differences were found. (SLD)

Changes in verbal, spatial, and reasoning intelligence among Swedish 13-year olds were studied from 1960 to 1990. Rising verbal scores until 1980 have been followed by a decline to essentially the 1960 level. Spatial and reasoning results have risen continuously. Gender and social class differences are discussed. (SLD)

Beginning in 1972, the average Scholastic Aptitude Test Verbal (SAT-V) score for men has been higher than that for women. This study created a detailed history of the content of SAT-V sections over the last two and a half decades and examined the changes of test content and trends over time in the balance of references to and representations of…