The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted school, work, and daily life on a global scale. In the wake of this unprecedented health crisis, schools across the United States were forced to abruptly adapt their educational delivery models. Understanding how student learning trajectories shifted throughout the ongoing pandemic is critical for equipping…

The harm to student learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has been well documented and an incredible influx of resources--including $260 billion in federal government investment--has been dedicated to support schools' recovery. Much of this money has been spent developing and expanding academic recovery efforts such as after-school tutoring and…

The COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread disruptions to the educational system in Arkansas and across the United States. At the onset of the pandemic in March 2020, schools in Arkansas were forced to replace on-site instruction with virtual instruction. During the 2020-2021 academic year, there were three student instructional options:…

In October 2023, the California Department of Education released test scores for all students in Grades 3-8 and 11 for the 2022-23 school year. These results represent an opportunity to analyze whether and to what extent student learning has rebounded after the dramatic declines in scores resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and related school…