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Schiefer, Julia; Golle, Jessika; Tibus, Maike; Oschatz, Kerstin – Journal of Advanced Academics, 2019
Scientific reasoning abilities are already developing in elementary-school-aged children and enable them to understand the world around them. The goal of the current study was to develop a new instrument for 8- to 10-year-old children in Grades 3 and 4 to measure their understanding of the steps of the "scientific inquiry cycle" (SIC).…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Science, Science Process Skills, Inquiry
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Neumann, Sandra; Salm, Sandra; Rietz, Christian; Stenneken, Prisca – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: Our purpose was to explore the validity and reliability of the German Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS-G; Thomas-Stonell, Oddson, Robertson, & Rosenbaum, 2010, 2012), which is an authorized adaptation of the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (Thomas-Stonell et al., 2010) tool, which measures…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Communication (Thought Transfer), Reliability, Validity