E-science, or networked, collaborative and multidisciplinary scientific research on a shared e-infrastructure using computational tools, methods and applications, has also brought about new networked organizational forms in the transition of higher education towards the entrepreneurial academy. While the under-representation of women in ICTs is…

Scientific collaboration between Northern and Southern researchers and development programs for research capacity-building have received new attention of practitioners and scholars during the last decades. This essay review takes four recent publications on North-South research cooperation and development politics as a starting point to ask for…

Research on Artificial Intelligence, especially in the field of machine learning, has exploded in the twenty-first century. AI research in universities has long been funded by a combination of government and corporate sources. The funding of AI research in the contemporary university includes technology companies as both funders and generators of…

This article examines dynamics of knowledge production and discourses of basic-applied science and relevance at the Swedish Institute for Surface Chemistry, a semi-public industrially oriented research institute, from 1980 to 2005. We employ a three-pronged method, consisting of (1) an analysis of how the institute articulated its research…

The following poetic installation reflects on the artistic-scientistic divide that permeates how research practice is carried out and assessed even within the qualitative paradigm. Some poems question the art-science dichotomy and how it shapes truth-telling practices in both research and teaching. Other poems challenge the mind-body dichotomy.…

This document provides a concise overview of current and historical interrelationships and patterns of national scientific and engineering resources. Major points of the report are: (1) research and development (R&D) expenditures in the U.S. are expected to reach $28.0 billion in 1972; (2) total R&D spending is estimated to rise 4.3% between 1971…

The budgets of several English research laboratories for at least eight consecutive years were examined to obtain an estimate of the rate of change of cost per scientist. Trends were considered separately for wages, buildings and equipment. The largest real-price growth rates per scientist were in major equipment costs, with increases of up to 20…

Presents a series of tables outlining college and university expenditures for research and development (R&D) over the last 10 years. Tables include sources of university R&D funds, character and fields of R&D spending, areas of federally financed R&D, and others. (GS)

Presents a series of tables outlining federal obligations for research and development (R&D) for 1980 and compares these with preceeding years through 1976. Tables include comparisons of obligations among federal agencies, among scientific disciplines, between basic research and applied research, and others. (GS)

Presents tables outlining chemical industry expenditures for research and development (R&D) over the last 10 years. Tables include federal support for industrial R&D, comparisons of chemical R&D with other industries, expenditures by major chemical firms, R&D by U.S. companies abroad, drug related R&D, and others. (GS)

Analyzes current trends in national research and development (R&D) spending. Presents data on the percent of federal v nonfederal monies; dollar amounts committed by the federal government, industry, universities and nonprofit institutions; performers of R&D; dollar amounts adjusted for inflation; and numbers of employed scientists and engineers.…

Presented is a case study of several scientific communities which used a computerized conferencing system (Electronic Information Exchange System--EIES) for a period of two years to enhance their communications and carry out cooperative tasks. Though it focuses on one particular system, it was designed to yield some data that make possible direct…

A survey of almost 1,000 research and development staff at large industrial corporations in Britain and Japan investigated differences in employment structures (market-oriented vs. organization-oriented), learning in higher education, and career expectations. Significant differences were found in attitudes of workers in the two countries.…

The findings and 13 recommendations of a NSF Advisory Council task force that evaluated universities as centers of basic research are presented. Listed are the major strengths of universities as centers for basic research (including continuity and tradition, freedom of research, interactions among disciplines) and such threats to their viability…

This article presents the author's critique of "Measurement of Central Aspects of Scientific Research: Performance, Interdisciplinarity, Structure," by Anthony F. J. van Raan. The author states that van Raan's article provides an excellent, if tightly compressed, introduction to key findings and innovative methods of the accumulating and…