Early efforts in physiological research in the United States were produced by lone investigators working in laboratories funded by their own medical practices. In Europe, however, Claude Bernard and Carl Ludwig produced a new model of scientific research laboratories funded by the state that sought to develop the pursuit of biomedical research as…

Discusses a General Accounting Office report that criticizes the National Institute of Health's system of funding biomedical research for, among other things, not ensuring priority to the most deserving projects. (MLH)

Classical assumptions about the nature and ethical entailments of authorship (standard model) are being challenged by developments in scientific collaboration and multiple authorship. Within the biomedical world it has been proposed that authors be replaced by lists of contributors (radical model), whose inputs to a given study would be recorded…

A policy statement drafted by the Association of American Medical Colleges is presented that reviews the goals, environment, and mechanisms of support of biomedical and behavioral research.

This report provides an assessment of NIH's programs for increasing the participation in biomedical science of individuals from underrepresented minority groups. The report examines, using available data and the results of a survey of NIH trainees, the characteristics and outcomes of programs at the undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, and…

The fourth in a series of annual reports assessing the role of and need for federal training programs in the biomedical and behavioral sciences is presented. Highlights of this 1978 report include: (1) the results of surveys of the chairpersons of 1,324 basic biomedical science departments and 474 behavioral science departments in Ph.D.-granting…