This article offers a framework for the study of research governance effects on scientific fields framed by notions of research quality and the epistemic, organizational, and career choices they entail. The framework interprets the contested idea of 'quality' as an interplay involving notion origins, quality attributes, and contextual sites. We…

Researchers' notions of research quality depend on their field of research. Previous studies have shown that field-specific assessment criteria exist but could explain neither why these specific criteria and not others exist, nor how criteria are used in specific assessment situations. To give initial answers to these questions, formal assessment…

This is the technical appendix for the report, "Science and Technology: Public Attitudes, Knowledge, and Interest." It provides more information on the General Society Survey (GSS) and the other data sources used in this report. Categories in the technical appendix include: (1) Methodology Notes for General Social Survey Data; (2) Other…

"Shifting Sands: Unsound Science and Unsafe Regulation" examines how irreproducible science affects select areas of government policy and regulation governed by different federal agencies. This first report on "PM[subscript 2.5] Regulation" focuses on irreproducible research in the field of environmental epidemiology, which…

The authors of the article describe the popular trends and methods as well as ICT tools used for the mapping and visualization of scientific domains as a research methodology which is attracting more and more interest from scientific information and science studies professionals. The researchers analysed Pajek, one of the programs used for the…

This paper sets out to tackle the issue of the criteria which should be met prior to submission of papers to indexed scientific journals. Firstly, the author addresses the field of qualitative research and tries to define the general characteristics of such works, and secondly, some clarification is brought with respect to the imbalance between…

For over a century, field stations have been important entryways for scientists to study and make important discoveries about the natural world. They are centers of research, conservation, education, and public outreach, often embedded in natural environments that range from remote to densely populated urban locations. Because they lack…

The author suggests that all research is narrative. Resituating all research as narrative, as opposed to characterizing narrative as one particular form of inquiry, provides a critical space for rethinking "research" beyond current dualisms and bifurcations that create boundaries that limit the capacity for dialogue across diverse epistemologies.…

In the past, humanists and scientists have held very different views about the role of collaboration in scholarly research. From the point of view of a Principal Investigator in a scientific laboratory, this article examines the increasingly dominant role of collaboration in scientific research. In contrast to the "consensus research" model of the…

Taken as a whole, this volume can be viewed as an argument for reframing learning research as a human science, one focused on interpreting learning situations and organizing for improving learning in ways that put human agency, values, and engagement with social practices at the center. Each chapter illuminates one or more elements of a human…

A new view of science that goes beyond conventional perceptions of science as either good or bad is proposed. The new perspective sees science as process rather than product, bringing together scientific skills and human insight. It is seen as important for the public to understand that expert disagreement is part of the scientific enterprise.…

Explains how the higher education system fulfilled targets of the Ninth Five-Year Plan in science ahead of schedule. This was achieved through improvement in organization of scientific research, application of progressive research methods, and increased effectiveness of scholars' labor. (Author/AV)

Research is controlled by variables (subject matter, personality of researcher, current interests, institutional setting, time period in the history of the discipline and of the world) which in turn generate a research style.'' The results of various forms of research are discussed here. (JB)

Describes the growing pressures on the American system for conducting research, including new budgetary and political constraints, damage from cumulative neglect of the research infrastructure, and the changing nature/conduct of scientific research. To cope with these challenges, a national research strategy is recommended. Various aspects of the…

Recognizing that the past study of the rhetoric of science has focused on the link between the public and scientific realms and on the alleged ideological nature of science, this paper proposes the development of a problematic and methodology for the rhetoric of science which focuses on rhetoric internal to the natural sciences. The paper examines…