Moscow State University, one of the main centers of science, will play an important role in scientific research and creative inquiry during the Tenth Five-Year Plan. (AV)

Explains how the higher education system fulfilled targets of the Ninth Five-Year Plan in science ahead of schedule. This was achieved through improvement in organization of scientific research, application of progressive research methods, and increased effectiveness of scholars' labor. (Author/AV)

Lists the five criteria used in the USSR for the selection of goals for scientific and technological activity. Identifies several recent programs which reflect new priorities and provides a three-variable model which defines the characteristics of a progressive science policy. (JDH)

A National Academy panel evaluates trade-offs between dangers to national security that arise from technology transfers and threats to the openness of scientific communication that are caused by too much secrecy. Major conclusions/suggestions are discussed. A list of acquisitions from the West affecting Soviet military technology is included.…

Examines the gap between American and Soviet science, tracing the gap to overcentralization, an aversion to risk, and emphasis on theory at the expense of application. Indicates that Soviet leaders are aware of some of the problems but that barriers to reform remain strong and prospects for real change are limited. (JN)

Presents highlights of a December 1985 report on Soviet scientific capabilities. One finding is that a new emphasis on computing advances and instrumentation may weaken basic research in this country. (JN)

At the dawn of its very existence, the Academy of Sciences became a major center of mathematical research. (Author)

The bibliographic methodology of citation tabulation was applied to the problem of identifying highly cited Soviet scientific papers (in Science Citation Index). Findings indicate that lists generated are indicative of areas of strong Soviet research and that institutions producing these papers include the most important Soviet labs. (Author/JN)

This report examines the impact of the Soviet Academy of Sciences on the development of technology in the Soviet Union, finding that the future of Soviet technology depends significantly on the Academy and that severe problems stemming from its nature and its relationship with Soviet industry encumber the Academy's ability to serve Soviet…