In the study of Islamic education, the scientific and medical contributions of Muslims globally are incongruously positioned. In most cases, Islamic education is completely divorced from its conventional scientific research and experimentation known and appreciated in its early and classical periods. Science and medicine are not alien in Islamic…

Research done by workers at Harvard Medical School suggests that passive exposure to cigarette smoke can impair breathing in children ages five through nine. Lung flow rates (breathing ability) decreased for children with smoking parents, and significantly if the children also smoke. (MA)

This second of two articles on photobiology focuses on clinical applications of light. See SE 511 547 for the first article. (DT)

Discusses the nature of the immune response and traces many of the discoveries that have led to the present state of knowledge in immunology. The new cellular immunology is directing its efforts toward improving health by proper manipulation of the immune mechanisms of the body. (JR)

Lithium carbonate is used in treatment of mental patients with manic-depressive disorders. (Author/DF)

Trace elements and some drugs can be identified in hair and it seems likely that other organic chemicals will be identifiable in the future. Since hair is so easily collected, stored, and analyzed it promises to be an ideal complement to serum and urine analysis as a diagnostic tool. (BB)

Discusses recent advances in the understanding of the photoreceptor function. Phototransduction, photoreceptor syncitium, and the signal at the synapse are among the topic areas addressed. (DH)

Examines past achievements and discusses the future impact that applied science and medical technology will have in combating disease and illness. Suggests that long-range planning and organization on a national scale are essential. (JR)

Reviews the history of drug research and the chemical aspects of medical research. (MLH)

Reports that amphetamine given to normal boys resulted in a marked decrease in motor activity and reaction time, and improved performance on cognitive test, a response similar to those observed in hyperactive children. (SL)

A line of biomedical devices based on aerospace expertise leads a sampling of spinoffs in the field of medicine. These include a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-developed computer program used by the Centers for Disease Control, medical products research, crawling aid, portable medical system, and human tissue stimulator.…

Discusses unpaid postdoctoral researchers, especially those in biology and medicine, addressing reasons why they work without pay, how they receive funding, efforts to help them, their impacts on the field, and personal concerns. (DC)

Reviews a range of developments in methodology for studying digestive physiology including comparative anatomy, fistulas and canals, imaging, electromyography, and tracers. Exercises for gathering firsthand data on the use of tracers, analyzing secondhand data on tracers, and interpretation of comparative anatomy of bird stomachs are given as…

Describes an intensive search and analysis of the literature pertaining to cardiovascular disease which led the authors to conclude that a generous portion of the nation's biomedical research dollars should be directed toward basic research. (MLH)

Some of the uses of mathematics in biomedicine are listed and the problems involved in interdisciplinary biomathematical research are discussed. (MP)