Profiles Jack Stewart, principal of one of two New Orleans schools chosen to begin "token" integration in 1960. He recalls and reflects upon community and faculty reactions to integration. (LHW)

A survey of Southern biracial high schools found that community conflict early in the desegregation process is associated with lower racial tension and Black student alienation later on. Authors hypothesize that conflict creates stronger cohesion within the Black community and greater support for desegregation, leading to less tension in the…

The Racine Unified School District, in Racine, Wisconsin in 1973 voluntarily adopted a resolution mandating that, in effect, no school in the district could have a minority enrollment greater than 30.7%. Kindergarten classes were not included in the desegregation plan. When the desegregation plan was adopted, some segments of the minority…

The opening of this district's fourth high school in 1970, which necessitated a redrawing of boundaries with a resulting redistribution of students, provided the opportunity for the Colorado Springs, Colorado school district to correct racial and ethnic imbalances in the district's high schools. Parents, teachers, students, and representatives…

The original action seeking school desegregation in Nashvill-Davidson, Tennessee was filed in court in 1955. The initial action had little immediate impact and efforts in the next decade were slow and minimal. In 1971 Plan A, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) Plan, was implemented. This incorporated geographic zone changes,…

Implementation of the "Brown" decision has failed to provide the equal education opportunity promise in 1954. The Supreme Court's 1955 decision, which sent school desegregation cases to the district courts, was vague and provided desegregation opponents time to organize a campaign that threatened secession and succeeded in delaying any…

This study was designed to discover and evaluate in the community setting the intergroup relations principles or factors involved in the social change connected with school desegregation. Specifically, an effort has been made to validate in the actual ongoing process of school desegregation a number of selected theoretical or academic principles…

Discusses the history of school desegregation efforts in Chicago from the 1964 Civil Rights Act to the present. Suggests that the concept of "uniform incorporation" of all citizens in society is being replaced by the goal of "egalitarian pluralism" (Pierre van den Berghe's categories) by Chicago's Black and Hispanic leaders.…

This study focuses on the reasons why one city, which seemingly was ready to be a leader in racial matters, became instead a center for resistance to school integration. When integration began, the reaction of extremists was so intense and prolonged that the city suffered a near catastrophe. The city's most serious problem was a lack of…

Materials on a variety of subjects related to school desegregation are collected in this book. Chapter 1 discusses assumptions about the overall consequences of desegregation. Chapters 2 to 5 synthesize the findings of existing research on the consequences of school desegregation for children and communities. Finally, Chapter 6 describes…

There is an overwhelming need for individual schools and school systems to take immediate steps toward building good intergroup relations both prior to and during the initial period of school integration. Inasmuch as positive action by school boards and superintendents at all levels is essential and constitutes the first step in school…

In this report, the Chicago Urban League assesses the Chicago Board of Education's proposed school desegregation plan. The report discusses eleven points of disagreement with plan provisions. The issues raised include: (1) the absence of concrete provisions, especially numerical standards, to ensure that existing black-white separation in Chicago…

Three magnet middle schools which were established as part of a voluntary desegregation plan in a school system in a large, American city are described in this report. The schools are examined as organizations that differed in their innovative educational approaches to bring about desegregation. One school offered a system of open education, in…