In 1954, when the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its decision in "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka," the South Lawndale neighborhood on Chicago's southwest side was home primarily to Polish and Czech immigrants. In the decades since, South Lawndale has undergone dramatic change. Eastern Europeans moved out, and people of Mexican…

The manner in which the United States courts have attempted to establish the validity of remedies and gain public acceptance of court orders in desegregation issues has encouraged public resistance to desegregation laws. In education related matters, the courts usually call on the expertise of lawyers and university professionals who have little…

This study is an evaluation of the Berkeley Unified Elementary School District, which was completely desegregated using a strategy of two-way, cross-town bussing. It presents documentation for tentative answers to two fundamental questions: (1) what is to be gained by eliminating dual school systems? And, (2) what is the cost to be paid for…

This volume records the text of the 1976 hearing held to examine the process and results of court-ordered school desegregation in Jefferson County, Kentucky. Presented is testimony from public school students, educators, administrators, government officials, and representatives of public and private agencies and community organizations. Also…

THE THREE SUBJECTS DISCUSSED AT THE CONFERENCE ON PUBLIC SCHOOL SEGREGATION-DESEGREGATION WERE THE EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL SEGREGATION AND DESEGREGATION, FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN PLANNING DESEGREGATION, AND PREPARATION FOR DESEGREGATION. THE SYNOPSIS SUMMARIZES THE DIVERGENT VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THE PANELS AND BY SPEAKERS AT THE CONFERENCE…

This volume records the text of the 1975 hearing before the United States Commission on Civil Rights held to examine the program and plans for the desegregation of Boston's schools. Developments surrounding the implementation of Phase I as ordered by the Federal district court in 1974 are discussed. Also explored are the plans for the…

Since the 1954 Brown decision, Dallas residents have engaged in avoidance, resistance, legal battles and, finally, cooperation and compromise in the desegregation of Dallas schools. It now appears that Dallas is making some progress toward desegregation. Except for some segments of the black community, who felt they had been betrayed because of a…

In Boston a number of factors contributed to the prolonged community resistance to school desegregation and busing to achieve it. First, for ten years prior to 1974, Boston residents had been assured that their children had a right to attend neighborhood schools and that this right would never be abridged. Thus, the court order to utilize bus…

Criticizes school boards as unresponsive to and unrepresentative of the communities they are expected to serve. Analyzes community demand for and board responses to school desegregation in Berkeley, California and Boston, Massachusetts. Suggests that school boards have not met parents' demands for quality education through school desegregation.…

These papers examine sociological and political problems associated with school desegregation on the local level in Dallas, Boston, Columbus, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Detroit, and Los Angeles. Each presentation addresses several of the following concerns: (1) community and school composition, racial and ethnic ratios, and business and political…

This paper describes what has happened in Cleveland, Ohio, over the past 18 months as various community leaders and organizations have focused on a possible court order to desegregate the city schools. It focuses on the actions and reactions of various groups and the specific activities undertaken to prepare the community. The paper notes several…

THE FORMER PRESIDENT OF THE BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA, BOARD OF EDUCATION TRACES THE HISTORY OF SCHOOL DESEGREGATION IN BERKELEY. HE DESCRIBES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMMUNITY, THE PROCEDURE FOR SCHOOL FUNDING, AND THE CHANGE IN MAKEUP OF THE BOARD FROM "CONSERVATIVE" TO "LIBERAL." UNDER THE AEGIS OF A MORE PROGRESSIVE BOARD,…

This handbook was prepared to provide guidance and suggestions primarily for school officials who are developing a plan for school desegregation or who are trying to revise an existing plan. Indications of what has and has not worked in other districts are based on experts' recommendations, on case studies from other communities, and on the…

Three magnet middle schools which were established as part of a voluntary desegregation plan in a school system in a large, American city are described in this report. The schools are examined as organizations that differed in their innovative educational approaches to bring about desegregation. One school offered a system of open education, in…