Profiles Jack Stewart, principal of one of two New Orleans schools chosen to begin "token" integration in 1960. He recalls and reflects upon community and faculty reactions to integration. (LHW)

Equates the fight for busing, equal education, and school integration with the general struggle against racism. Briefly discusses the history of busing and school desegregation in the Ocean Hill-Brownsville, New York public schools. (Author/GC)

Discusses numerous issues related to school desegregation and the Brown decision, including: (1) misconceived psychological arguments used to bolster the case for "Brown"; (2) student and community attitudes toward busing; (3) effects of busing; (4) regional differences in compliance with school desegregation; and (5) recent court…

Compares school desegregation in Dallas and Boston. Demonstrates how, in Dallas, successful leadership styles have brought about public acceptance of and community involvement in the desegregation process. (GC)

The manner in which the United States courts have attempted to establish the validity of remedies and gain public acceptance of court orders in desegregation issues has encouraged public resistance to desegregation laws. In education related matters, the courts usually call on the expertise of lawyers and university professionals who have little…

Legal ambiguities, political factionalism, and community conservatism are identified as barriers to the implementation of school desegregation plans. Difficulties encountered in Seattle's first voluntary desegregation effort are also analyzed. (GC)

This paper constitutes the Chicago Urban League's criticism of "Access to Excellence," the voluntary school desegregation plan proposed by the Chicago Board of Education. It is held that the plan will probably do more harm than good toward the desegregation of Chicago Public Schools. The Urban League claims that "Access to…

Implementation of the "Brown" decision has failed to provide the equal education opportunity promise in 1954. The Supreme Court's 1955 decision, which sent school desegregation cases to the district courts, was vague and provided desegregation opponents time to organize a campaign that threatened secession and succeeded in delaying any…

Busing, or transporting students at public expense, has been practiced in the United States for over a century. The use of the term to mean transporting students for school desegregation purposes has been relatively recent. Most States started providing pupil transportation when legislation for school district consolidation was implemented,…

Three phenomena are examined in this paper: (1) the segregation inherent in the early stages of bilingual instruction; (2) the Hispanic view of school desegregation; (3) the treatment of Hispanic children by desegregating school systems. Court rulings, Federal guidelines, and other legal mandates concerning the segregation of national origin…

Discusses the history of school desegregation efforts in Chicago from the 1964 Civil Rights Act to the present. Suggests that the concept of "uniform incorporation" of all citizens in society is being replaced by the goal of "egalitarian pluralism" (Pierre van den Berghe's categories) by Chicago's Black and Hispanic leaders.…

Criticizes school boards as unresponsive to and unrepresentative of the communities they are expected to serve. Analyzes community demand for and board responses to school desegregation in Berkeley, California and Boston, Massachusetts. Suggests that school boards have not met parents' demands for quality education through school desegregation.…

This paper argues that cautious and participatory desegregation efforts yield less desirable outcomes than either sweeping, authoritative desegregation policies or no imposed effort at all. The author proceeds to support these claims by identifying 10 goals of school desegregation and examining the rules and consequences of incremental and…

Compares Federal court-ordered school desegregation plans in urban and rural Tennessee school districts. Indicates that approaches differed with varying district characteristics. Suggests that community responses to plans were influenced by such factors as racial composition; customs; leaders' attitudes; environmental and economic conditions; and…

Materials on a variety of subjects related to school desegregation are collected in this book. Chapter 1 discusses assumptions about the overall consequences of desegregation. Chapters 2 to 5 synthesize the findings of existing research on the consequences of school desegregation for children and communities. Finally, Chapter 6 describes…