Background: Informal learning environments (ILEs) like Fablabs and Makerspaces have potential to facilitate development of STEM skills. However, these environments might be difficult for teachers to adopt in their teaching because of teaching approaches grounded in constructionism where the role of the teacher changes from a transmissive…

Background: Previous studies have investigated effects of out-of-school STEM activities aimed at stimulating children's interest in science with positive results. However, research has not discussed the reasons why such activities are successful. Purpose: In this study, we address this gap by investigating which factors children themselves…

Encouraging students to enter and persist in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) programs in higher education has been the focus of STEM education worldwide. To promote social equality particular attention has been given to including student groups such as women, ethnic minorities, and students with low economic status that…