The "urbanization level" in the attitudes of the rural population (n=2,000) in Novosibirsk province in the USSR was examined in terms of the relationship of values, needs, and preferences between the typical or "traditional" rural orientation and that of the typical urban orientation. The concepts of "traditional…

Defines urban societies as including not only town and cities, but also rural, mining, fishing, and other sectors. Discusses the medieval and capitalist European social orders, arguing that rural laborers are always "socially urbanized" such that locational behaviors appropriate to the interests of the society's dominant classes are induced.…

Uses national survey data to demonstrate that, compared to the rural or U.S. non-poor, the rural poor consumed less of eight of nine key nutrients; and disparities were greatest for vitamins A and C, iron, and calcium, and for the youngest (two-five years) age group studied. (SV)

Data from the 1967 Survey of Economic Opportunity analyze dimensions of the presumed relationship of rural-urban migration and the plight of cities: the location of rural migrants in urban areas, and the extent of their contribution to urban poverty. (Author/KM)

More than 1,000 references concerning attitudes toward religion, education, and social change have been compiled in this bibliography prepared for use in developing religious education programs to meet the requirements of the people of Appalachia. An attempt is made to consolidate findings in the areas of sociology, social stratification, and…

The purpose of this project was to attempt to assist chronically unemployed and underemployed individuals in Evansville, Indiana, and the surrounding southwestern Indiana rural counties toward greater productivity. The objectives of the project included: (1) motivation of unemployed individuals and their families to make use of available…

Uses public opinion polls to show that rural Americans, like the rest of the country, prefer less government in general but do not support cuts in specific programs. Finds rural Americans less supportive of government spending, particularly mass transportation, welfare, and public health; more supportive of sales taxes; more changeable. (LFL)

Questionnaires from 220 young, married subjects were used to examine effects of community size on social-exchange orientations in marriage. Reward level explained 54.8 percent of the variance in marital adjustment for urban women but only 28.1 percent for rural women. Rewards of "money" and "information" were better predictors of adjustment for…

A Colorado study that compared urban and rural attitudes and actions toward energy found that a greater portion of urban residents felt there would be energy shortages in the year 2000. Several implications for extension agents were cited about the selection of program topics and locations. (LRA)

Surveys seven geographically and demographically diverse rural areas, assessing socioeconomic, personal, and sociocultural factors of information technology use. Finds that residents of commercial communities are as likely to use and be well disposed toward computer technologies as their nonrural counterparts, regardless of age, income, and…

Current Population Survey data indicate an overall decline in the rural-urban pay gap during the early 1990s (due to declining urban wages, not rising rural wages). In 1993, the earnings of 30 percent of rural full-time workers were below the poverty level. Compares low-income workers by gender, age group, education, and race/ethnicity. (LP)

During 1950-87, deaths outnumbered births in 1 or more years in 993 U.S. counties; 95 percent were nonmetro counties, mostly in Florida, central United States, and Appalachia. Because of such natural decrease of population combined with increased outmigration of young adults, these counties may undergo financial stress and have difficulty…

Explores quantitative and qualitative dimensions of rurality in pursuit of a definition. Distinguishes between rural education and education in rural areas. Discusses rural-urban differences in values and lifestyle. Advocates defining rurality from the rural resident's perspective, emphasizing diversity of social, cultural, and occupational…

Current Population Survey data indicate that value-added industries, which tend to use raw lumber and agricultural products as inputs, employed one-third of all rural manufacturing workers in 1996. Compared to other rural manufacturing workers, value-added workers generally had lower occupational status, less education, and lower incomes, and were…

In 1996, rural children had higher poverty and just-over poverty rates than urban children. Compared to rural white children, rural minority children had less-educated parents and were more likely to live in poverty, in families with a single parent or without an earner, and in families dependent on social-welfare programs. (Author/SV)