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Peer reviewedTorabi, Mohammad R.; And Others – Journal of School Health, 1993
Data from a 1992 statewide survey of students in grades 5-12 were analyzed to determine the extent to which cigarette smoking predicted alcohol and other drug use and acted as a gateway drug. Results indicated smoking was a powerful predictor for alcohol and drug use, and the relationship was dose responsive. (SM)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Alcohol Abuse, Drug Abuse, Intermediate Grades
