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Myelin Breakdown Mediates Age-Related Slowing in Cognitive Processing Speed in Healthy Elderly Men
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Lu, Po H.; Lee, Grace J.; Tishler, Todd A.; Meghpara, Michael; Thompson, Paul M.; Bartzokis, George – Brain and Cognition, 2013
Background: To assess the hypothesis that in a sample of very healthy elderly men selected to minimize risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease, myelin breakdown in late-myelinating regions mediates age-related slowing in cognitive processing speed (CPS). Materials and methods: The prefrontal lobe white matter and the genu of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Older Adults, Alzheimers Disease, Brain
A Family History of Psychopathology Modifies the Decrement in Cognitive Control among Patients with HIV/AIDS
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Bauer, Lance O. – Brain and Cognition, 2008
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of HIV/AIDS on cognitive control and to determine if the effect is modified by familial risk for either alcohol or mood disorders. Sixty HIV-1 seropositive and 75 seronegative volunteers were assigned to four subgroups defined by the crossing of a diagnosis of alcohol dependence in the…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Psychopathology, Patients
Apolipoprotein e4 Is Associated with More Rapid Decline in Odor Identification than in Odor Threshold or Dementia Rating Scale Scores
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Calhoun-Haney, R.; Murphy, C. – Brain and Cognition, 2005
Individuals with the apolipoprotein E e4 genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) show deficits in olfactory function. The purpose of the present study was to examine longitudinally odor identification (odor ID), odor threshold, picture identification, and global cognitive status in allele positive (e4+) and negative (e4-) persons.…
Descriptors: Identification, Risk, Rating Scales, Genetics