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Klapp, Stuart T.; Greenberg, Lisa A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Some types of automaticity can be attributed to simple stimulus-response associations (G. D. Logan, 1988). This can be studied with paradigms in which associations to an irrelevant stimulus automatically influence responding to a relevant stimulus. In 1 example, the irrelevant and relevant stimuli were presented successively with the 1st,…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Experimental Psychology, Responses, Cognitive Processes
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Klapp, Stuart T.; Haas, Brian W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2005
A pattern-masked arrow negatively biased the "free choice" between 2 manual responses or between 2 vocal responses. This apparently nonconscious influence occurred only when the free-choice trials were intermixed randomly with other trials that terminated in fully visible arrows, which directed a response of the same modality (manual vs. vocal) as…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Responses, Experimental Psychology