Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the tension between learning and protection in university-industry relationships (UIRs) and, in particular, to identify practices that facilitate ways of coping with this tension. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical work for the study is based on a qualitative comparative case analysis of six…

Universities have long been involved in knowledge transfer activities. Yet the last 30 years have seen major changes in the governance of university-industry interactions. Knowledge transfer has become a strategic issue: as a source of funding for university research and (rightly or wrongly) as a policy tool for economic development. Universities…

Industry benefits from technology transfer by becoming aware of cutting edge developments, having a pool of experienced candidates, and furthering universities understanding of industry. Universities benefit from diversified funding, exposure to real-world problems, and access to facilities and equipment. Challenges include intellectual property…

Review of academic and industry perspectives on commercial applications of research identified the following: (1) significant barriers, especially institutional and cultural ones; (2) the complexity of the commercialization process; and (3) need for integrated involvement of the research community, industry, financial institutions, and the public…

Benefits of university research include knowledge for government and industry; education of professionals for industry and education; creation of new technologies, industries, and jobs; technology transfer; and access to research. (SK)

A survey of 127 universities found increased numbers licensing patented technologies to businesses. Elements aiding this increase included policies encouraging faculty entrepreneurship and a business support system that helps identify industry needs and ways to be responsive. (SK)

Includes "Evolution of Academic-Industry Technology Transfer in the USA" (Berneman, Denis); "University-Industry-Government Partnerships for Innovation: The US Technology Reinvest Project--A Case History" (Leventman); and "The Science-Trained Professional: A New Breed for the New Century" (Tobias, Birrer). (SK)

The findings of industrial safety engineers in the areas of accident causation and prevention are wholly applicable to adventure programs. Adventure education instructors can use safety engineering concepts to assess the risk in a particular activity, understand factors that cause accidents, and intervene to minimize injuries and damages if…

France and the United Kingdom have similar programs for technology transfer and applications of scientific research. There is great potential for them to combine efforts and work with companies on regional, national, and European strategies for the use of technological innovations. (SK)

Technology transfer is part of a larger system of knowledge creation, application, and communication between universities and their communities. Industry-university cooperation must be considered within the broader context of regional development in order to realize the potential of technology transfer. (SK)

This study investigated institutional resource factors that may explain differential performance with university technology transfer--the process by which university research is transformed into marketable products. Using multi-source data on 108 research universities, a set of internal resources (financial, physical, human capital, and…

Issues in the ownership of academic research results and the relationship of industry to the academic institution performing research it has funded are examined and summarized in five paradoxes. (MSE)

This review of literature concerned with technological innovation and innovation process research is divided into five general parts. Part I defines basic concepts and terms and outlines major analytical themes. Part II develops the individual and organizational dimensions within which innovative activities take place. In Part III, the sequence of…

Trends in university technology transfer activities and the commercialization of research results are discussed, based on a 1985 survey. Responses revealed widespread changes in internal patent and licensing activities and increased disclosure of inventions by faculty to the university. Factors contributing to this trend include: changes in…

Discusses the increasing importance of cooperative or joint R&D, including R&D Consortia, for private sector companies. Cites successful government-sponsored cooperative efforts which have made a difference in how private industry viewed technology and R&D. (RT)