Client evaluations of a precollege counseling interview were obtained for black and white students counseled by three experienced black counselors and eight experienced white counselors. In general, racial similarity of client and counselor is not an important factor in these counseling interviews. (Author)

Three surveys representative of students in a large metropolitan university taken in February, 1971, November, 1971, and in October, 1972 show that the proportion of students who have tried or use marijuana has stabilized at .77, but the proportion of daily users continues to rise significantly. (Author)

An invisible disability with severe physical limitations has less deleterious effects upon social adjustment than does a visible disability without physical limitations. (Author)

Previous tests of Holland's theory of vocational choice among members of professional occupations have demonstrated that it is predictive, useful, and formally acceptable. In a test among members of four nonprofessional occupations, however, it was not as predictive as previously demonstrated for professional and technical occupations. (Author)

Investigates the ability of volunteer telephone services to furnish facilitative conditions to callers by determining the level of empathic understanding offered by such volunteers. Uses Carkhuff's Five-Point Empathy Scale to indicate that the length of calls increases as the level of empathic understanding offered rises. (Author/PC)

Birth order studies directly related to vocational interest were reviewed to discern support for certain theoretical susumptions: firstborns are more directing, controlling, and organizing than later borns and later borns are more sociable, empathic, and sympathetic than firstborns. The research was inconsistent, contradictory, and speculative.…

Investigates the effects of personality types on the effectiveness of various treatment procedures in reducing test anxiety. Fails to support previous studies in which group application of counseling techniques reduced anxiety more than did a study skills group. (Author/PC)

This study compared two sets of ratings made under different experimental conditions with each other and with a predefined criterion of accuracy. The data indicated that informed raters were significantly more accurate in their ratings than noninformed raters and significant discrepancies occurred at the higher scale points of the Accurate Empathy…

Replication was undertaken of a recent study conducted by Buell and Anthony which had found that recidivism and posthospital employment could be predicted by a single demographic variable, number of previous hospitalizations and employment history, respectively. Results of the replication were consistent for posthospital employment but not for…

Repressors and sensitizers completed the Jourard Self-Disclosure Questionnaire and a Dimensions of Psychotherapy Rating Form to assess effects of defensive orientation on expectations for a psychotherapy relationship. Results are discussed within the framework of repressing and sensitizing defensive styles. (Author)

A counseling procedure termed vicarious induction of behavior was used to develop academic achievement motivation in disadvantaged adults. The procedure required an analysis of the desired target behavior---academic achievement motivation---to identify specific skills and covert attitudes. New achievement behaviors were anticipated, specified, and…

The relationships between Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey raw scores and supervisor and peer rankings of competency were explored for master's degree practicum counselors. Overall, the scales correlated significantly better with supervisor rankings than with peer rankings for both sexes. (Author)

This study determined internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients for the Willoughby Personality Schedule, currently used as an outcome measure in research and in clinical practice. The Hoyt analysis of variance yielded an internal consistency reliability coefficient of .90 on the first testing. The test-retest reliability…

Results from two experimental situations, risk taking and helping behavior, indicate that in the risk-taking experiment subjects who agreed to maintain confidentiality disclosed less frequently information when compared to control subjects. In the helping behavior study, no difference was found in frequency of disclosed information between…

Six in-general samples have been generated to fit different developments of the SVIB, Twenty experimental homogeneous scales were used to measure the similarities and differences among the six in-general samples. Generally, all samples were strikingly similar with the greatest differences appearing between male and female in-general samples.…