Laboratory ethnographies have provided valuable insights in the workings of contemporary science and technology and about facts in the making. Nearly all these ethnographic studies have been conducted at nonprofit research institutes. In this article, the authors argue that it is time for science and technology studies (STS) ethnography to direct…

This report presents the results of the 1973 survey of industrial research and development and is the 19th in a series extending back to 1953. Data obtained are designed to provide useful information to those concerned with evaluating the role of research and development in furthering the national welfare and in allocation of scientific resources.…

This report, the 18th in a series extending back to 1953, presents the results of a 1972 survey of industrial research and development. Data obtained are designed to provide information useful to government officials, legislators, and other individuals concerned with evaluating the role of research and development in furthering the national…

This report, the 15th in a series extending back to 1953, presents the results of a 1969 National Science Foundation survey of industrial research and development. The data obtained are designed to provide information useful to government officials, legislators, and other individuals concerned with evaluating the role of research and development…

A discussion of research needs concerning higher education-industry collaboration in Europe looks at the impact of such collaboration in five areas: institutional autonomy, the status of continuing education, relations between university and non-university education, relationships between basic and applied research, and disciplines not normally…

Evaluation of industrial research and development (R&D) must be simple and low cost, and it must contribute to corporate goals without distracting researchers from their research. These points are illustrated with reference to General Electric's Research and Development Center, which is the company's corporate laboratory. (SLD)

Issues facing both industrial and university research and development programs are examined, including sources of funding, federal support, objectives, and evaluation. Particular emphasis is placed on areas for university-industry-government partnership. (JMF)

Declining productivity, a slowdown in innovation, and international competition are spurring interest by U.S. industry in the capabilities of the research university. Besides single-company-to-single-university cooperation, there should be industry-wide support of university research. The government should help with tax incentives and other…

Three well-known forms of university-industry collaboration (research parks, cooperative research centers, and industrial extension services) were examined, along with the federal role of stimulating cooperation. The objective was to develop information and guidelines to help policymakers in designing new or revised federal initiatives to promote…

Reviews trends and assesses the status of university-based scientific research. Points out areas of decline and indicates changes and efforts for expansion and improvement. States future goals and policy needs. (ML)

Describes the history of the American research university. Discusses the origin of university-industry ties (1920s), transformation of the university research economy (late 1960s), and university-industry research relationships (1980s). (YP)