Described are problems faced by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. They are identifying and recommending regulations concerned with the ethical, social and legal principals of research involving human subjects. (SL)

The U.S. Department of Education provides a great deal of support to education each year through formula funding (e.g., Title I, Title III services to students) and discretionary grants (e.g., Title III pro-fessional development grants, Safe Schools/Healthy Students projects). However, because evaluations of these projects, and many educational…

Examines new directions in ecological research in which ecologists are analyzing systems with theoretical models and are using descriptive studies to confirm and extend their studies. The development of a model relating to species equilibriums on islands is now being applied to problems of conservation of wildlife in national parks. (JR)

Discusses the controversy about the discovery of element 72, involving Urbain's isolation of celtium, Dauvillier's reexamination of celtium samples, and Coster and Hevesy's announcement of the existence of hafnium. Indicates that the Copenhagen workers are finally accredited for the element discovery in their x-ray spectral studies. (CC)

Draws together central research on scientific problem solving and scientific documentation from a number of fields and demonstrates its latent potential for a general theory of citing. Examines the interdisciplinary field of diffusion research and empirical composition studies dealing with the act of citing. Concludes with a preliminary outline of…

Describes a course designed to teach agricultural students the skills needed to be successful future researchers. The three models of the course include development of a research proposal; research presentations; and research perspectives, including issues of perception, prejudice, and fraud as related to scientific research. (JRH)

In this second of three excerpts from seminars on collaborative knowledge generation, a historian and a biologist explore the special circumstances for the fields of science. Historical trends in collaborative work in the sciences and how these changes affect policy formation are discussed, and synergistic collaboration and possible gender bias…

This article presents an overview of philosophy of science and research paradigms. The philosophy of science parameters of ontology, epistemology, axiology, rhetorical structure, and methodology are discussed across the research paradigms of positivism, postpositivism, constructivism-interpretivism, and the critical-ideological perspective.…

In light of the current debate over the meaning of "scientifically based research", we argue that qualitative methods should be an essential part of large-scale program evaluations if program effectiveness is to be determined and understood. This article chronicles the challenges involved in incorporating qualitative methods into the large-scale…

This article considers the process of the dissemination of scientific findings from the point of view of the discriminative law of effect. We assume that the purpose of science is to describe the state of the world in an unbiased and accurate manner. We then consider a number of challenges to the unbiased consensual development of science that…

This book challenges the dominant vision of adult education and the modernist principles underlying contemporary adult education practice. It reviews the emergence of technical rationality as a driving force behind adult education today and examines the critique of the empiricist-analytical tradition of science, considering science as an ideology.…

This document discusses and critically reviews problems existing with utilizing traditional experimental methods in psychology and the behavioral sciences. Experimental and correlational data collection methods are reviewed and a new data collection method merging the more productive features of each is proposed. The philosophy, strategy, and…

Reviews the reasons a large measure of freedom is essential to the pursuit of science, and also discusses why scientists can best preserve that freedom by exercising a large measure of social responsibility. (HM)

Reviews current use of computer generated films to further scientific research. (SL)