Background: When learning causal relations, completing causal diagrams enhances students' comprehension judgements to some extent. To potentially boost this effect, advances in natural language processing (NLP) enable real-time formative feedback based on the automated assessment of students' diagrams, which can involve the correctness of both the…

These are the appendixes for the report, "Strengthening the Pennsylvania School Climate Survey to Inform School Decisionmaking." This study analyzed Pennsylvania School Climate Survey data from students and staff in the 2021/22 school year to assess the validity and reliability of the elementary school student version of the survey;…

Questioning is a critical strategy for science teachers to scaffold students' exploration and knowledge construction in inquiry-oriented science teaching. In science teacher preparation, open-ended questions asked by teachers are advocated as an advantageous strategy to prompt student thinking. However, insufficient attention has been cast on how…

This study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4, in analysing classroom dialogue--a key task for teaching diagnosis and quality improvement. Traditional qualitative methods are both knowledge- and labour-intensive. This research investigates the potential of LLMs to streamline and enhance this process. Using…

This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable multiple-choice achievement test for the subject area of ecology. The study was conducted within the framework of exploratory sequential design based on mixed research methods, and the study group consisted of a total of 250 middle school students studying at the sixth and seventh grade level. In…

This study suggests the need for best practices, specialized tools and standards, and targeted outreach related to Web-based content cited in theses. It analyzes citation practices in a corpus of master's theses in performance studies published at Texas A&M University from 2012 to 2020. Finding that only a slim majority of Web-based material…

American students continue to perform poorly on national and international assessments of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) competencies, and achievement gaps spanning racial/ethnic and socioeconomic lines emerge early and widen over time. Scholars and practitioners agree that expanding access to high-quality STEM education…

Moral self-concept (MSC) is an important aspect of human morality and emerges in early childhood. It indicates how early children view themselves as moral agents. Yet, its structure and developmental patterns are unclear and require more research. This study addresses if the multidimensional structure of MSC is stable during early childhood and if…

This study developed and psychometrically evaluated a brief measure of mental health treatment knowledge (N = 726). Scores from "Knowledge about Treatment" (KaT) demonstrated a unidimensional measure with good model fit, internal consistency reliability, convergent and predictive validity, test-retest reliability, and measurement…

YouTube is one of the most popular sources of mathematical help among young students. In this study we explore the perspectives of engineering students on the use of YouTube videos with the intention of broadening our understanding of the general characteristics of the mathematical help that students obtain through this type of videos,…

Despite the high demand for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) professionals, the STEM talent pipeline continues to leak. A framework of STEM identity could provide insight into why and to what extent individuals engage in STEM-related activities. The present study describes the process of developing and validating an…

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to adapt and validate a useful instrument to diagnose the knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and intention to participate (KABIP) towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in higher education institutions (HEIs) from the public administration in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach: The…

Using item response theory, we examined the psychometric properties of scores on the Trauma-Informed Practice Scales -- Supervision Version (TIPS-SV) -- a unidimensional measure of supervisees' perceptions of their supervisors' adherence to trauma-informed supervision -- in a sample of 312 supervisees. Implications for research and supervision…

Diagnostic tests have been developed previously to measure algebraic thinking skills; however, the tests do not specifically address algebraic problem-solving. Thus, an Algebraic Thinking Test (ATT) Instrument was developed to measure algebraic thinking skills in problem-solving involving linear equations. ATT comprises nine open-ended questions…

This study was conducted to: 1) ascertain the validity, reliability, and feasibility of a module based on the socioscientific issue approach and design thinking model (SIA-DT), and 2) assess its effects on the entrepreneurial creative thinking (ECT) in STEM education. The first phase of ECT module validation was conducted with the assistance of…